교육의 격차와 차별에서 드러나는 사회적 지원의 한계와 개선 방향 - 브래디 미카코(ブレイディみかこ)의 논픽션을 중심으로

• 영문명: The Limitations of Social Support as Manifested in Educational Inequality and Discrimination and Directions for Improvement : Focusing on the Nonfictional Works by Mikako Brady
• 발행기관: 일본어문학회
• 저자명: 이은희(Eun-Hee Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본어문학』第109輯, 239~261쪽, 전체 23쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 일본어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.05.30

국문 초록

The present paper discusses the inequality and discrimination in education as well as practical solutions, based on the nonfictional works by Mikako Brady. Educational inequality is a serious issue in many parts of the world, including the United Kingdom. What is particularly concerning is that the opportunities and quality of education are severely influenced by the environment in which they were born and raised, irrespective of their choices (or will). Therefore, this paper vividly documents the issues in a “collapsed welfare nation” and a “stagnant multicultural nation” that prevail in the daycare centers and schools where ineqality and discrimination are rampant. In particular, politics is undeniably malfunctioning when the interests and demands of the most socially vulnerable people are eliminated or merely recognized as an object of charity. The true education, I argue, is to break the vicious cycle of those vulnerable people and to raise children who can start to build their lives from an unequal starting point. This education, I further claim, should not only be led by government policies but also properly ensure social solidarity from the perspective of “empathy”. Mikako Brady strongly issues a warning about the dangers of a society that neither knows nor tries to know what is happening in public housing estates, beyond the poolside, or in the back rows of classrooms. In the educational system of the United Kingdom, a society promoting democracy, educational opportunities operate thoroughly based on the logic of capitalism, and, consequently, social hierarchies were firmly established. This educational system represents a reality facing Korea and Japan, and the two countries should regard it as a cautionary example. This study specifically examines the direction towards which a community called “society” should proceed, through the analysis of cases that show how the social safety net, which evaporated in the waves of capitalism, endangers the educational environment, and how the resulting discrimination and prejudice lead to the stratification of children.

영문 초록

本稿は、ブレイディみかこのノンフィクションをもとに、教育の格差と差別を考察しながら実践方案について議論した。イギリスを含む世界各地で教育格差が深刻な問題となっている。もっとも脆弱なところにいる社会的弱者の利益や要求が排除されたり、単に温情の対象となるだけであれば、政治は正しく機能し得ていないとみなさなければならない。これまで、彼らがおかれてきた状況の悪循環を断ち切り、不平等なスタートラインからでも走り出すことができる子どもたちを見ることこそが教育であり、その教育は政府の政策だけでなく、社会的連帯が｢エンパシー｣の観点から適切に根を下ろせるようにすべきだと強調したいのである。 ブレイディみかこは公営住宅地で、プールサイドの向こうで、教室の後ろの席で何が起きているのか知らずに、また、知ろうとしない社会の危険性を厳重に警告する。特に資本主義の波の中に消えていった社会的安全網がどのように教育現場を危険にさらすのか、その中で生じた差別と偏見がどのように子供たちを階級化させているのかに対する事例を通じて社会という共同体が進む方向を考察した。

목차

1. 서론

2. ‘소셜 아파르트헤이트’와 빈곤 실태

3. 긴축정책에서의 보육·교육 양상

4. ‘엠퍼시(Empathy)’와 사회적 연대

5. 결론

참고문헌

키워드

교육격차 지원 정책 저출산 브래디 미카코 엠퍼시 Educational Inequality Support Policy Declining Birthrate Mikako Brady Empathy 教育格差 支援政策 少子化 ブレイディみかこ エンパシー