근대 일본의 전쟁과 생식 통제 - 산아보국(産児報國)의 시대

• 영문명: War and Reproductive Control in Modern Japan : An Era of Childbirth and Loyalty to the Country
• 발행기관: 일본어문학회
• 저자명: 이미애(Mi-Ae Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본어문학』第107輯, 389~408쪽, 전체 20쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 일본어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.11.30

국문 초록

This study examines women’s responses to the government’s reproductive control policies under the wartime regime in modern Japan. The government’s reproductive control policy during the war encouraged childbirth in order to increase the human resources needed for the war. To this end, government policies were implemented on three fronts: direct control over people’s marriages and childbirth, such as arranging and guiding marriages and banning birth control; a loan system for marriage funds and financial support for large families; and ideological control over the people, who were persuaded that having many children was a way of serving one’s country. There was a lot of criticism in society at large against the government’s blatant population policy that directly and indirectly controlled the reproduction of its citizens. Young women, the ones who would give birth, expressed discomfort and resentment toward the reproductive control policy that was hastily implemented in order to increase the population, but they did not strongly resist it. Women’s opposition to government-enforced marriage showed that even though early marriage and high childbearing were for the good of the nation during wartime, personal feelings took precedence over the nation.

영문 초록

本研究では、近代日本の戦時体制下における政府の生殖統制政策に対する女性たちの対応について考察した。戦時体制下での政府の生殖統制政策は、戦争遂行に必要な人的資源の増殖のための多産奨励だった。このための政府政策は、結婚の斡旋·指導、産児制限禁止など国民の婚姻·出産に対する直接統制と結婚資金の貸付制度や多子家庭に対する経済的支援策、そして、子供をたくさん産むのが報国だという国民の思想統制で、3つの側面で行われた。国民の生殖を直接·間接的に統制する政府の露骨な人口政策に対し、社会一般では批判の声が高かった。出産の当事者である若い女性たちの間では、人口増殖のために焦って無理に実行した生殖統制政策に対する違和感や反発は現れたが、強く抵抗することはなかった。政策によって義務付けられる結婚に対する女性たちの反発は、戦時下に早婚と多産がいくら国家のためのことだといっても、国家よりは自分の感情が優先するということを示したものだ。

목차

1. 서 론

2. 인구 관리 체제의 정비

3. 인구 증가 목표를 위한 시책

4. 생식 통제에 대한 여성들의 대응

5. 결론

참고문헌

키워드

근대 일본 생식 통제 전쟁 산아보국 Modern Japan Reproductive control War Loyalty to the country through giving birth 近代日本 生殖統制 戦争 産児報国