破产止息规则下债权人与保证人的利益均衡研究

• 영문명: Research on the Balance of Interests between Creditors and Guarantors under the No Interest Rule in Bankruptcy
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: Li Leqi
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of east Asian law studies』Vol.2 No.2, 107~119쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.06.30

국문 초록

Article 46 (2) ofthe Enterprise Bankruptcy Law ofthe People’s Republic of China (hereinafter the “EBL”) provides that “interest-bearing claims shall cease to accrue interest fromthe date the bankruptcy petition is accepted” the so-called bankruptcy interest-cessation muleWhile this rule seeks to ease the debtor's burden in an enterprise-rescue-oriented economy, itthreatens the balance of interests between creditors and guarantors. A normative analysis ofEBIArticle 46, supported by leading case studies and comparative foreign legislation, is theretoreessential to delineate the respective boundaries of creditors and guarantors and to chart a path forrefining China’s interest-cessation regime. At the legislative level, China urgently needs to adopt afiamework in which “the bankruptcy interest-cessation rule does not apply to guaranteed claims asa general rule, with exceptions”, distinguishing civil from commercial guarantees, establishing anindependent guarantee system to clarify the guarantor's liability limits, and introducing asubordinated-debt mechanism to safeguard creditor interests. At the judicial level, courts shouldemploy a “principle+exception” discretion model that weighs the creditors’ overall recoveryrate, the guarantor’s risk-control capacity, the relative bargaining power of the parties, the cost ofrecourse, and the premium or loss on the claim, thereby dynamically determining when theexception applies and achieving substantive fairness between creditors and guarantors.

영문 초록

《中华人民共和国企业破产法》（以下简称《企业破产法》）第46 条第2 款：“附利息的债权自破产申请受理时起停止计息”（即破产止息规则）。在以“拯救企业”为导向的经济形势下破产止息规则旨在减轻债务人负担，却造成债权人和保证人的利益失衡困境。因此，破产止息规则的完善路径需通过对《企业破产法》第46 条的规范分析与典型案例研究，结合域外立法经验，界定债权人与保证人的利益边界，探索债权人和保证人的利益均衡。在立法层面，我国亟需确立“破产止息规则原则上不适用于保证债权，例外适用”的框架，区分民事担保与商事担保的不同，构建独立保证制度以明晰保证人的代偿边界。同时，引入劣后债权制度保障债权人利益。在司法层面，法院应采用“原则+例外”的裁量模式，综合权衡债权人整体受偿率与保证人风险防控、双方地位强弱对比、追偿成本与债权溢价损益等因素，动态判定例外规则的适用，实现债权人与保证人利益的实质公平。

목차

Ⅰ. 引言

Ⅱ. 破产止息规则权利减损效应下的利益失衡困境

Ⅲ. 破产止息规则下保证人的代偿义务的边界认定

Ⅳ. 破产止息规则下债权人的请求权的边界认定

Ⅴ. 破产止息规则的利益均衡的法律机制完善

Ⅵ. 结语

参考文献

키워드

No interest rule in bankruptcy Creditors Guarantors 破产止息规则 债权人 保证人 利益均衡