南宋《话本选集》“也”语义研究

• 영문명: A Study on the Semantics of “也” in 《Huaben Anthology》 of the Southern Song Dynasty
• 발행기관: 한국중국언어학회
• 저자명: Ryomyong Nam
• 간행물 정보: 『중국언어연구』제105권, 365~384쪽, 전체 20쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 언어학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2023.04.30

국문 초록

“也” is one of the most frequently used words in Chinese, and it is also a popular research object in the academic circle. When studying on the development process of “也” from a modal particle in ancient Chinese to a main adverb with a meaning of “similar” in modern Chinese, the author found that ”也” appeared unique in terms of semantic expression in 《话本选集》(Huaben Anthology) of the Southern Song Dynasty. The unique features not only reflect the appearance of ancient times, but also show the expressive function of modern Chinese, presenting the true appearance of “也” in the transitional period of the development of grammar and semantics. Therefore, the author thinks that it is necessary to conduct separate research on “也” in this literature, to make a record of the transition period of “也”, and to provide rare materials for further study on “也”. This paper analyzes and classifies the usage functions of “也” in 《话本选集》(Huaben Anthology) of the Southern Song Dynasty and finds that “也” has 11 types of semantic expression functions in it, among which there are both the typical usage in ancient Chinese and that in modern Chinese, but there are also some semantic types unique to the Middle Chinese period that are neither used in ancient Chinese nor modern Chinese. What is more noteworthy is that, in《话本》 of the Southern Song Dynasty, as a literature in the vernacular Chinese of the Southern Song Dynasty, even for the auxiliary word “也” in typical ancient Chinese, the sentence appearance is different from that of ancient Chinese because of the development and changes of Chinese vocabulary and grammar. Also, even if the usage of “也” in modern Chinese is applied, because of the limitations of the vernacular development at that time, the appearance of the entire sentence is different from that in modern Chinese. In this paper, “也” ‘s usage is exhaustively analyzed and classified in the literature, besides, the similarities and differences between the performance of the “也” sentences are studied in the literature, ancient Chinese, and modern Chinese.

영문 초록

“也”在汉语中是使用频率最高的词汇之一，也是学界比较热门的研究对象之一。在研究“也”从古代汉语语气词，发展成为现代汉语“类同”义的主要副词的历史过程中，笔者发现了南宋《话本选集》文献中出现的“也”在语义表达方面具有十分独特的特征，既反映了上古时期的面貌，也展现了现代汉语的表达功能，呈现出“也”在语法语义发展进程中过渡期的真实面貌。因此，笔者认为有必要单独对该文献中的“也”进行研究和统计，为“也”过渡期的情况做个记录，同时为“也”的研究提供难得的资料。 本文通过对南宋《话本选集》中出现的“也”的使用功能进行分析和归类，发现了该文献中“也”有11种语义表达功能，其中既有古代汉语“也”的使用形式，更有大量现代汉语“也”表达形式，同时，还有一部分是上古汉语和现代汉语中都不使用的中古汉语时期特有的语义类型。更值得关注的是，南宋《话本》作为中古汉语白话文文献，即便是古代汉语“也”的语助词用法，因为汉语词汇和语法的发展变化，句子所展现的面貌也不同于上古汉语；同样，即便是使用了现代汉语“也”的用法，因为当时白话文发展的局限性，整个句子所呈现的面貌也不同于现代汉语。本文下针对文献中的“也进行了”穷尽式分析和分类的同时，还将“也”字句在文献中的表现跟上古汉语和现代汉语的异同进行了比较。

목차

1. 绪论

2. 南宋≪话本选集≫“也”的语义类型

3. 南宋≪话本选集≫“也”的历时性语用特征

4. 结论

키워드

Middle Chinese “也” A Diachronic Study of “也” the Adverb “也” “也” Sentences and the Semantic Features of “也” 中古汉语“也” “也”的历时研究 副词“也” “也”字句 “也”的语义特征