韩国数字经济基础法律制度构建对中国的启示——基于“数字四法”与“数字三法”的比较

• 영문명: The Construction of Korea’s Fundamental Legal System for the Digital Economy: Insights for China - A Comparative Study of Korea’s ‘Four Digital Laws’ and China’s ‘Three Digital Laws’
• 발행기관: 대한중국학회
• 저자명: 郭文强(Wenqiang Guo) 涂波(Bo Tu)
• 간행물 정보: 『중국학(구중국어문론집)』第90輯, 385~403쪽, 전체 19쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기타인문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.03.31

국문 초록

数字经济已成为全球经济的核心驱动力之一，然而各国也因此面临着数据安全、隐私保护、平台治理等一系列挑战，亟需相关法律制度进行规范与治理。为了推动数字经济的健康发展，韩国出台了“数字四法”和相关配套机制；中国作为后发国家，近年来也陆续颁布了“数字三法”等相关制度。这些法律制度在一定程度上解决了两国数字经济发展中的部分问题，但由于数字经济发展迅速，现有法律制度尚无法完全应对所有新挑战。为此，本研究采用比较研究的方法，通过对两国数字经济基础法律制度的比较分析，总结出韩国的建设经验，并为中国相关法律制度的完善提炼了四个关键的建设经验和启示：首先，中国应加强数据产业化与技术创新支持，借鉴韩国在推动数据产业化及技术创新方面的具体措施，细化相关法律条款，特别是在资金引导、技术研发和产业创新方面。其次，中国应完善国际合作机制，积极参与全球治理，通过进一步明确全球数据流通与隐私保护的合作条款，强化法律对国际合作的引导作用，进一步提升中国在全球数字经济治理中的话语权。再次，中国应加强数据透明度与政策公开性，借鉴韩国设立数据政策委员会的经验，推动数据治理政策的公开与透明。最后，中国应加强用户保护与未成年人保护机制，借鉴韩国的未成年人保护措施，确保数字环境中每位用户，尤其是未成年人的隐私和数据得到充分保护。

영문 초록

The digital economy has become one of the core drivers of global economic growth. However, it also presents a series of challenges, including data security, privacy protection, and platform governance, which require effective legal regulation and governance. To promote the healthy development of the digital economy, South Korea has introduced the “Digital Four Laws” and related mechanisms. As a latecomer, China has also gradually implemented its own “Digital Three Laws” in recent years. While these legal frameworks have addressed some of the challenges in the development of the digital economy in both countries, the rapid pace of digital economic growth means that existing legal systems are not yet fully capable of addressing all emerging challenges. Therefore, this study adopts a comparative research approach, analyzing the foundational legal systems for the digital economy in both countries. The study summarizes South Korea’s experiences and distills four key insights for improving China’s legal framework. First, China should strengthen support for data industrialization and technological innovation by drawing on South Korea’s specific measures in promoting data industrialization and technological innovation, and refine related legal provisions, particularly in terms of financial guidance, technological research and development, and industrial innovation. Second, China should improve its international cooperation mechanisms and actively participate in global governance by further clarifying cooperation provisions on global data flow and privacy protection, and enhancing the legal framework’s role in guiding international collaboration, thus increasing China’s voice in global digital economy governance. Third, China should enhance data transparency and policy openness, drawing on South Korea’s experience with establishing a Data Policy Committee to promote the openness and transparency of data governance policies. Lastly, China should strengthen user protection, especially for minors, by adopting similar protective measures to those in South Korea to ensure that the privacy and data of all users, particularly minors, are adequately safeguarded in the digital environment.

목차

1. 序言

2. 相关理论的成就与不足

3. 中韩数字经济基础法律制度的建设现状

4. 中韩数字经济基础法律制度的比较分析

5. 启示

키워드

디지털 경제 기본 법률 제도 중국 한국 디지털 사법 Digital Economy Basic Legal System Korea’s Four Digital Laws China’s Three Digital Laws 数字经济基础法律制度 数字四法 数字三法 韩国 中国