부분 은퇴자의 노동시장 재진입 구직 경험 영향요인 연구

• 영문명: A Study on Factors Influencing Job Search Experiences of Partial Retirees in Labor Market Re-entry
• 발행기관: 한국진로창업경영학회
• 저자명: 고아라(Ara Ko) 이영민(Young-Min Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국진로창업경영학회지』제9권 제4호, 105~128쪽, 전체 24쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경영학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.07.31

국문 초록

본 연구는 급속한 고령화 사회 진입에 따라 증가하는 부분 은퇴자를 대상으로 은퇴 선택 요인과 구직 어려움에 영향을미치는 요인을 실증적으로 분석하고, 중고령자 고용정책의 개선 방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구는 2022년고령화 연구 패널조사(KLoSA) 9차 자료를 활용하여 완전 은퇴자와 2,115명과 부분 은퇴자 156명을 대상으로 로지스틱회귀분석과 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 부분 은퇴 선택에는 연령, 건강 상태, 주관적 계층의식, 사회보장소득수급여부, 임금피크제 인지 여부가 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 부분 은퇴자의 구직 어려움에는 연령, 임금피크제 인지 여부, 주관적 계층의식, 희망 일자리의 형태가 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서, 연령이 높고 주관적 계층의식이낮을수록 구직 어려움이 증가하고, 임금피크제 인지 및 내 사업을 희망하는 부분 은퇴자의 구직 어려움이 감소하였다. 이를 바탕으로 일자리 부족 해소, 연령차별 완화, 제도 교육 강화, 심리 지원 체계 구축, 창업 지원 확대 등의 정책적 시사점을제시하였다. 본 연구는 부분 은퇴자만을 분리하여 분석함으로써 기존 고령자 고용 연구의 공백을 메우는 데 기여하였으며, 고령화 사회의 도전을 기회로 전환할 수 있는 정책적 기반 마련의 필요성을 제시한다.

영문 초록

This study aims to empirically analyze the factors influencing retirement choices and job search difficulties among the increasing number of partial retirees, who are entering the workforce at a rapid rate due to an aging society, and to propose improvement measures for employment policies targeting middle-aged and older workers based on these findings. In particular, this research seeks to fill the gap in existing elderly employment research by separately examining partial retirees to identify their unique characteristics. Using the 9th wave data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) in 2022, a two-stage analysis was conducted on 2,115 complete retirees and 156 partial retirees. In the first stage, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors influencing the choice of partial retirement. In the second stage, multiple regression analysis was conducted, targeting only partial retirees, to analyze the structural factors of job search difficulties. Independent variables were categorized into demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, education level, residential area, household size, health status, subjective class consciousness, last job type) and institutional characteristics (awareness of wage peak system, receipt of social-security income benefits, preferred job type), which were entered stepwise. The dependent variable, job search difficulties, was measured through factor analysis consisting of five structural factors: job shortage, low income, employment restrictions due to age, inadequate working conditions, and lack of employment information. This study confirmed that age, health status, subjective class consciousness, and institutional awareness are consistently essential factors in the partial retirement process, as revealed through a two-stage analysis that links partial retirement choice and job search difficulties. In particular, it empirically demonstrated that age discrimination serves as a significant barrier to job search for partial retirees, and prior awareness of institutional systems is a crucial factor in alleviating job search difficulties. Based on these findings, the study presents policy implications, including specific measures to mitigate age discrimination, the expansion of age-specific, customized job-matching services, strengthening institutional education for prospective retirees, establishing psychological support systems for middle-aged and older workers, and expanding startup support policies for older adults. This research emphasizes that partial retirement is not an inevitable personal choice but a new form of employment that society should actively support, presenting the necessity for establishing policy foundations that can transform the challenges of an aging society into opportunities.

목차

Ⅰ. 서 론

Ⅱ. 선행연구 분석

Ⅲ. 연구 방법

Ⅳ. 분석 결과

Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언

참고문헌

키워드

부분 은퇴자 고령자 고용 구직 어려움 재취업 고령화 사회 Partial Retirees elderly employment job search difficulties re-employment aging society