粤港澳大湾区“飞地”法律冲突与协调机制研究

• 영문명: Research on Legal Conflicts and Coordination Mechanisms of Enclaves in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: Liu Xingyu
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of east Asian law studies』Vol.2 No.1, 121~129쪽, 전체 9쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.03.31

국문 초록

The “enclaves” in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area, as special zones of cross-jurisdictional governance, face complex challenges stemming from conflicts in legal application. The legal conflicts within these enclaves primarily manifest in three aspects:first, disputes over the nature of land use rights due to divergent legal frameworks; second, ambiguity in the scope of the Basic Law and the effectiveness boundaries of “legal fictions”; and third, constraints imposed by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee’s record-and-review authority on the legislative quality and efficiency of enclave-related laws.Typical cases, such as the University of Macau’s Hengqin Campus and the Hong Kong Port Area of the Shenzhen Bay Port, reveal that while legal fictions temporarily unify legal application, enforcement challenges persist due to historical, systemic, and institutional disparities.Drawing on international experience, the EU’s Baarle-Nassau “jointly administered enclaves” achieve refined coordination through hybrid jurisdiction combining territorial and personal principles, whereas the Washington D.C. model in the U.S. demonstrates a balance between central authorization and local autonomy.To resolve these conflicts, a coordinated mechanism could be structured around three pillars: first, adhere strictly to the principle of “higher law overriding lower law” and strengthen the constitutional oversight functions of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee; second, establish a hierarchical authorization system and a “negative list” to clarify prohibited areas for applying Hong Kong and Macau laws in sovereign matters (e.g., national defense, foreign affairs); and third, Promote judicial collaboration innovation, such as creating cross-jurisdictional joint courts and a case guidance system to unify adjudication standards.This approach aims to balance sovereignty, institutional innovation, and legal coherence in the Greater Bay Area’s unique governance context.

영문 초록

粤港澳大湾区“飞地”作为跨法域治理的特殊区域，面临法律适用冲突的复杂挑战。大湾区“飞地”法律冲突主要表现为三方面：一是土地使用权性质争议；二是《基本法》适用范围与“拟制条款”效力边界模糊；三是全国人大常委会备案审查权对“飞地”立法质效形成制约。通过澳门大学横琴校区、深圳湾口岸港方口岸区等典型案例可见，法律拟制虽能暂时统一法律适用，但因历史、法系及制度差异，仍存在执行困境。国际经验方面，欧盟巴勒纳绍“共管飞地”通过属地与属人混合管辖实现精细化协调，美国华盛顿特区模式则凸显中央授权与地方自治的平衡机制。为化解冲突，可从三方面构建协调化解机制：其一，牢牢把握“上位法优于下位法”原则，强化全国人大常委会的宪法监督职能；其二，建立分级授权体系与“负面清单”，明确港澳法在国防、外交等主权事项的适用禁区；其三，推动司法协作创新，设立跨法域联合法庭并构建案例指导制度，统一裁判标准。

목차

Ⅰ. 我国“飞地”问题的背景与法律适用起源

Ⅱ. 粤港澳大湾区“飞地”法律适用模式及其冲突

Ⅲ. 国际经验借鉴与对比分析

Ⅳ. 粤港澳大湾区“飞地”法律冲突的协调化解机制

키워드

Enclave Legal application Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area “飞地” 法律适用 粤港澳大湾区