美国遏制中国的技术联盟战略：动因、特征与前景

• 영문명: Strategy of American technology alliance toward China: Motivation, characteristics and prospect
• 발행기관: 경희대학교 국제지역연구원
• 저자명: Dian-jun BA Gongbo Zhang Yingyue Zhang
• 간행물 정보: 『아태연구』제32권 제2호, 53~82쪽, 전체 30쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 사회과학일반
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.06.30

국문 초록

Under the great changes unseen in a century, emerging technologies are becoming the driving force for national strength growth and the high ground of power competition among major countries. A new round of technological revolution is reshaping the international political landscape. Since 2017, technology alliances have gradually become the “sharp weapon” for the United States to carry out all-round strategic competition against China. To consolidate its technological industrial competitiveness, seize the right to formulate technological rules, and export the “democratic industrial model”, the United States has been actively building technology alliances against China and creating technological advantages over China. The US technology alliances against China have shown significant features such as evolving from the two-ocean alliance to a complex alliance of partners, from comprehensive decoupling to the “small yard, high fence” strategy, and from squeezing at the basic level to blocking at the high-end level, which have had negative impacts on China's economic development and regional prosperity and stability. However, the US technology alliances against China also face many difficulties, such as insufficient domestic resource investment, limited cooperation from its allies, and China's countermeasures to break the containment. From “Trump 1.0” to “Trump 2.0”, the United States has gone through two party alternations, and the strategic competition against China by both parties has basically taken shape. The goal of the US to strongly promote industrial return has not been achieved, and the steps of jointly containing China in technology with its allies have never stopped. Judging from the pro-China tendencies of Trump and his foreign policy team in the second term, the US technology alliances against China may continue to intensify the technological containment against China and expand the scope of technological blockade. In response to the possible adjustments of the US technology alliances against China brought about by Trump's return, China should respond rationally with a bottom-line and extreme mindset. China, Japan and South Korea should actively adjust their economic cooperation relations and respond flexibly.

영문 초록

百年未有之大变局下，新兴技术正在成为国家实力增长的驱动力和大国权力竞争的制高点，新一轮技术革命正在重塑国际政治版图。自2017年以来，技术联盟逐渐成为美国展开全面对华战略竞争的“利刃”。为巩固技术产业竞争力、争夺技术规则制定权、输出“民主工业范式”，美国积极构建遏华技术联盟，打造对华技术优势。美国遏华技术联盟呈现从两洋同盟到复合盟伴、从全面脱钩到小院高墙以及从基础挤压到高端封锁的显著特征，给中国经济发展和地区繁荣稳定造成负面影响。然而，美国遏华技术联盟也面临美国国内资源投入不足、盟伴阵营对美配合有限、中国反遏制的化解行动等诸多困境。从“特朗普1.0”到“特朗普2.0”，美国历经两次政党轮替，两党政府对华战略竞争基本定型，美国强势推进的产业回流目标尚未实现，联合盟友对华技术遏制的脚步从未停歇。从特朗普及其第二任期涉外团队的对华倾向判断，美国遏华技术联盟或将持续升级对华技术遏制强度、扩大对华技术封锁范围。对于特朗普的回归可能带来的美国遏华技术联盟调整，中国应以底线思维和极限思维理性应对，中日韩宜积极调整经济合作关系灵活因应。

목차

Ⅰ. 引言

Ⅱ. 美国遏华技术联盟战略的动因

Ⅲ. 美国遏华技术联盟战略的特征

Ⅳ. 美国遏华技术联盟战略的限

Ⅴ. 美国遏华技术联盟战略的趋势

Ⅵ. 结语

参考文献

키워드

United States Technology alliance Sino-Us science and technology competition Technological Containment Key technology 美国 技术联盟 中美科技竞争 技术遏制 关键技术