태운 김형렬(太雲 金亨烈)의 미륵신앙운동

• 영문명: The Maitreya Movement by Kim Hyeong-ryeol, who was burned
• 발행기관: 원광대학교 동양학대학원
• 저자명: 김성도(Seong Do Kim)
• 간행물 정보: 『동양학연구』제19집, 367~401쪽, 전체 35쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2023.02.28

국문 초록

미륵신앙은 미륵불의 출현으로 이상세계인 용화세계를 꿈꾸는 일종의 메시아니즘적 신앙이라 할 수 있다. 경전에는 미륵보살이 석가 멸 후 56억 7천만 년 후에 염부제인 지상에 내려와서 용화수 하에서 성불한 후 세 차례의 설법으로 중생을 구제한다는 내용으로 간단히 요약할 수 있다. 미륵신앙은 고난과 역경의 현세를 부정하고 보다 나은 미래의 선경(仙境)을 그리는 신앙 운동으로 신종교사상 속에 깊숙이 자리 잡아 근세에 이르러서는 민중 속으로 스며들어 민중과 하나가 되었다. 이러한 점은 미륵신앙이 가지는 미래적 속성에서 우리 마음속에 희망적인 존재로 자리잡고 있기 때문이다. 곧 미륵불은 당래불로서 각 시대의 혼돈과 대립 등으로 인한 불확실하고 절망적인 사회적 상황 속에서 민중과 사회에 희망과 용기를 가지게 하는 방편이 되기도 하였고, 때로는 혹세무민하여 민중을 현혹시키거나 사회를 더욱 도탄에 빠뜨린 경우도 종종 있어 왔다. 이와 같은 사회적 혼란 속에서 민중들에게 유일한 희망이었던 미륵사상이 신종교의 창립에 자연스럽게 스며들었던 것이다. 증산교를 창립한 증산 강일순(甑山 姜一淳, 1871-1909)은 자기가 하늘로부터 내려온 옥황상제(玉皇上帝)요 미륵불이라 자처하면서 그가 종교적 가르침을 편 목적이 바로 이 땅에 후천선경(後天仙境) 즉 용화도량(龍華道場)을 건설하고자 하는데 있었다. 본고는 이렇게 미륵불이라 자처한 증산의 첫 번째 제자로서 증산교단 주요 교파의 하나인 미륵불교를 창립하게 된 태운 김형렬(太雲 金亨烈, 1862-1931)이 어떻게 증산과 해후가 이루어졌으며, 증산이 세상을 떠날 때까지 8년 동안 시봉할 수 있었던 연유, 그리고 미륵불교 창립 과정 및 전개 등에 대해 살펴보는데 도움이 될 것으로 본다.

영문 초록

The Maitreya faith can be said to be a kind of messianic faith that dreams of an ideal world, the Yonghwa world, with the emergence of Maitreya Buddha. In the scriptures, it can be summarized simply that Maitreya Bodhisattva comes down to the ground, which is a Buddha ritual, 5.67 billion years after the destruction of Buddha, and saves the people with three sermons after being consecrated under Yonghwasu. Maitreya faith is a faith movement that denies the present situation of hardship and adversity and paints a better future, and it has become deeply established in the new teacher's idea and permeated into the people in modern times and became one with the people. This is because it has become a hopeful being in our minds in the future attributes of Maitreya faith. In other words, Maitreya Buddha was a traditional Buddha, a way to have hope and courage in the people and society in uncertain and hopeless social situations caused by chaos and confrontation in each era, and sometimes it has been senseless to dazzle the people or further destabilize society. In the late Joseon Dynasty, the Buddhist community was led by the emergence of Maitreya Buddha and the Maitreya faith, which yearns for a new world, centering on the private sector. As seen in Shinjonggyo during this period, the construction of the Nakwon Yonghwasang, which will be achieved by the emergence of Maitreya Buddha, became a hope and vitality for the desperate people to overcome the pain. Therefore, whenever the country was dizzy and the lives of the people were particularly difficult, the self-proclaimed Maitreya Buddha appeared. Through this process, Maitreya faith has taken a firm position as a folk faith movement beyond the original Buddhist ideology. At the time of the founding of Donghak by Suun Choi Je-woo, who formed the beginning of the Korean New Religion Movement in 1860, Korea was in a difficult political and social situation. Therefore, whenever the country was dizzy and the lives of the people were particularly difficult, the self-proclaimed Maitreya Buddha appeared. Through this process, Maitreya faith has taken a firm position as a folk faith movement beyond the original Buddhist ideology. At the time of the founding of Donghak by Suun Choi Je-woo, who formed the beginning of the Korean New Religion Movement in 1860, Korea was in a difficult political and social situation. In other words, politically, national sovereignty was on the verge of being transferred to foreign countries, and socially, traditional religions such as Confucianism and Buddhism were completely corrupt, losing the ability to institutionalize the people. Amid such social turmoil, the Maitreya idea, which was the only hope for the people, naturally permeated the foundation of the new religion. Kang Il-soon (1871-1909), the founder of Jeungsan Church, was the Jade Emperor who came down from heaven The purpose of his religious teachings, claiming to be Maitreya Buddha, was to build the Later Heavenly Sutra, or Yonghwadoryang, on this land. In this paper, Kim Hyeong-ryeol (1862-1931), who founded Mireuk Buddhism, one of the main denominations of Jeungsan Church, as the first disciple of Jeungsan, who claimed to be Maitreya Buddha, increased production and succeeded, I would like to look at the reason why Jeungsan could have been sealed for eight years until he passed away, and the founding process and development of Mireuk Buddhism. It is necessary to pay attention to the understanding of the Maitreya faith and the flow in the history of the Jeungsan Church.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 태운의 생애와 교단 창립

Ⅲ. 태운의 미륵신앙 운동과 그 전개

Ⅳ. 대한불교법상종의 성립

Ⅴ. 결론

키워드

미륵신앙 용화회상 태운 미륵불교 증산 미륵불 Maitreya faith Yonghwasang Maitreya Buddhism Taeun Jeungsan Maitreya Buddha