중국 내몽고 초원 몽골족 생활방식의 다변화

• 영문명: The differentiation of lifestyles in Inner Mongolia, China: A case study of Mongolian village in a grassland area
• 발행기관: 한국몽골학회
• 저자명: 이선화(Lee, Seonhwa)
• 간행물 정보: 『몽골학』제44호, 47~76쪽, 전체 30쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기타인문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2016.02.28

영문 초록

This article examines how the governmental policy on desertification in Inner Mongolia has an impact on the life of Mongolian herders based on an ethnographic research. Since the late nineties, the Chinese government has implemented a variety of policies for grassland restoration. Firstly, the prohibition of herding sheep and cows resulted in lowering the number of livestock, pushing the herders to find alternative livelihoods. Secondly, the government encouraged the herders to breed dairy cows. Thirdly, by the proposition of the ecologists of IBCAS, Mongolian people have begun to herd chickens on the grassland, which transformed the herders’ life, and began identifying themselves as “herders of poultry.” The presence of dairy cows and chickens on the grassland diversified the lifestyles of herders in Inner Mongolia. Mongolian people live a resilient life by coping with rapid changes in the policies and living conditions.

목차

1. 서론

2. 탈사회주의 국가의 초원과 목축민

3. 초원금목(草原禁牧): 양과 소의 방목 금지

4. 젖소사육(奶牛養殖): 신농촌신목구 건설 정책의 실시

5. 가금방목(家禽放牧): 목축민(牧畜民)에서 목금민(牧禽民)으로

6. 결론: 몽골족 목축민의 선택과 실천의 복잡성

키워드

사막화 초원 회복 정책 몽골족 목축민 양 소 닭 생활방식 내몽고 중국 desertification grassland restoration policy Mongolian herder sheep cows chickens lifestyles Inner Mongolia China