맥류 연구의 과거, 현재, 그리고 미래

• 영문명: Past and Current Status, and Prospect of Winter Cereal Crops Research for Food and Forage in Korea
• 발행기관: 한국육종학회
• 저자명: 김경민(Kyeong-Min Kim) 강천식(Chon-Sik Kang) 김양길(Yang-Kil Kim) 김경훈(Kyeong-Hoon Kim) 박종호(Jong-Ho Park) 윤영미(Young-Mi Yoon) 박형호(Hyoung-Ho Park) 정한용(Han-Yong Jeong) 최창현(Chang-Hyun Choi) 박진희(Jinhee Park) 김영진(Young-Jin Kim) 정영근(Young-Keun Cheong) 한옥규(Ouk-Kyu Han) 박태일(Tae-Il Park)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국육종학회지』Vol.52(특별호), 73~92쪽, 전체 20쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2020.04.30

영문 초록

Barley and wheat are a major food crop of humans, along with rice, soybean and corn. A systematic breeding program for Korean barley began in 1906 with selection and introduction breeding. In 1908, landrace barley was collected, and breeding focused on selection and introduction for high yielding varieties until the 1970s. In the 1980s and 1990s, breeding was carried out for diversity; thereafter, we aimed to improve quality, productivity and lodging tolerance that can be applied to the paddy field in Korea. Since 2010, the major result of breeding was shortening cultivation to approximately 6–12 days, making a double cropping system possible in the paddy field in Korea. Yield has increased by 1.2 times from 438 kg/10 a in the 1960s to 536 kg/10 a in the 2010s, and farm yield has increased by 1.7 times. In addition, as cultivation safety has been enhanced, the varieties have also improved, such as the covered barley used in making tea and other processing products. In case of wheat, up to now forty cultivars have been developed in Korea. In the early stage, we developed a domestic wheat variety that was early maturing and high yielding. As a result, the maturation time of wheat planted in the 1970s to 2010 was shortened (from 13 to 30 days), while productivity increased by 30% from 408 kg/10 a in the 1970s to 532 kg/10 a in 2010. In recent years, there have been remarkable efforts for a more stable production by focusing on increasing disaster and pest resistance due to climate change. In addition, a wheat variety discrimination marker was developed using a variety-specific marker, and selection was made using a trait-specific marker at the early stage of breeding to enhance breeding efficiency. In the 2000s, winter cereals for forage have been promoted to expand forage production and to replace imported feed grains. Therefore, winter cereal that is useful for feed, such as rye, oat, and triticale, have had various varieties and safe production techniques developed. Currently, our research goal for winter cereals for feed is to develop a double-cropping adaptation and abiotic stress tolerance cultivar, and safe production in paddy field. Hence, aggressive action is needed to support the strategic survival of the Korean wheat and barley industry. Barley is a health food that requires a multifaceted effort to improve breeding efficiency, develop varieties that contain large amounts of functional components and are more resistant to stronger biotic and abiotic stresses in response to climate change. It is necessary to recognize the role of wheat and barley as the second main crop after rice, and to improve the self-sufficiency rate of these crops for the health and food industry crisis of Korea.

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우리나라 맥류 연구 발자취

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REFERENCES

키워드

Food Forage History Research Winter Cereals