방풍 구조물 설치에 따른 옥수수 화분 비산 및 교차수분 저감 효과 연구

• 영문명: Study of the effect of windbreaks on reducing maize pollen dispersal and cross-pollination
• 발행기관: (사)한국식물생명공학회
• 저자명: 진병준 한태희 김형규 차예진 노동현 서해랑 이수진 장예나 김수빈 박성열 김민석 정재요 백동원 전현진 김민철
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of Plant Biotechnology』52권 3호, 184~196쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.09.30

국문 초록

Pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified (GM) maize remains a critical biosafety concern in environmental release trials, especially under open-field conditions. In this study, we investigated the spatial dynamics of cross-pollination and assessed the effectiveness of windbreak structures in mitigating pollen dispersal of maize. From 2022 to 2024, we conducted field trials using the xenia effect to detect cross-pollination between black-kernelled pollen parent and white-kernelled seed parent in maize. Additionally, we examined two types of windbreak structures —a full enclosure and a partial (roofless) barrier—across three growing seasons under variable meteorological conditions. Cross-pollination rates were analyzed in terms of distance from the pollen source, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, and humidity. In the absence of windbreaks, cross-pollination rates exceeded 30% within 20 m and remained above 3% beyond 90 m under favorable wind conditions. Under these unprotected conditions, a maximum distance of 276 m was required to remain below the 0.1% outcrossing thresholds. After installing full enclosures and roofless barriers, these thresholds were reduced to 118 m and 246 m, respectively, demonstrating that physical barriers can significantly limit gene flow. Based on these results, we recommend that windbreak structures be mandatorily installed when cultivating GM maize. Furthermore, a minimum isolation distance of 250 m should be maintained to prevent pollen-mediated gene flow. This study provides practical data to inform biosafety regulations, support environmental risk assessment, and guide the design of field trials for GM maize under diverse climatic conditions.

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키워드

Maize Cross-pollination Pollen dispersal Genetically modified crop Environmental risk assessment