criminal judicial policy study of juvenile delinquency in South Korea

• 발행기관: 원광대학교 법학연구소
• 저자명: 최봉(Cui Feng)(崔峰)
• 간행물 정보: 『원광법학』제32권 제4호, 363~380쪽, 전체 18쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 법학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2016.12.30

국문 초록

韩国《少年法》规制1) 的少年案件主要包括少年保护案件和少年刑事案件两类, 《少年法》分别以第二章、第三章就少年保护案件与刑事案件作出具体规定, 其中关于少年犯罪问题, 韩国采取的是二元模式, 即区分少年保护案件和少年刑事案件两类, 对于少年保护案件采取的是少年保护程序, 而对刑事案件则采取刑事程序。韩国《少年法》是于1958年制定的, 历经1963年、1977年、1988年、2007年四次修正, 其中在2007年《少年法》修正过程中引入了修复性司法方案, 设置了指导、监督和援助保护, 力求实现犯罪少年的再社会化。而我国主要是通过《刑法》和《刑事诉讼法》来规范未成年犯罪, 尽管《刑事诉讼法》修改后虽力求实现未成年犯罪嫌疑人的再社会化, 但其作用有限, 《刑事诉讼法》和《刑法》规定的附条件不起诉制度和社区矫正制度又“过软”, 因此, 欲从韩国对未成年犯罪的刑事司法政策的对比中寻求借鉴。 少年犯罪问题在韩国已成为深刻的社会问题中的一个, 韩国政府甚至把校园暴力当做是当今韩国社会的四大恶性问题之一。2) 如何教育引导这些少年, 使他们不再实施不良行为是刑事司法政策的重要问题。相较于一般刑事案件的刑事诉讼程序, 对于少年犯罪, 韩国依据《少年法》的规定, 将其区分少年保护案件和少年刑事案件, 并采取不同司法政策。韩国《少年法》第一条规定：“此法的目的是, 调整少年成长环境和矫正实施反社会行为少年的性格, 通过实施一些必要措施, 如保护处分等, 以及与刑罚处分有关的特别措施来促进少年的健康成长。”对于犯罪少年, 比起单纯的刑事处罚, 一方面强调通过保护处分或者刑事处罚的特别措施使犯罪少年尽快重返社会, 达到教育的目的；另一方面, 通过《少年法》对未构成犯罪的触法少年, 3) 或对有犯罪之虞的少年也具有司法控制的可能性。

영문 초록

The juvenile law of South Korea mainly governs two categories of juvenile cases, including juvenile protection cases and juvenile criminal cases. The juvenile law respectively makes specific provisions about juvenile protection cases and criminal cases in the second chapter and the third chapter. South Korea takes the pattern of duality about juvenile crime. That is to distinguish juvenile protection cases and juvenile criminal cases. Juvenile protection would be taken in juvenile protection cases, while it is criminal procedure in a criminal case. The juvenile law of South Korea was made in 1958, which experienced four time amendment in 1963, 1977, 1988 and 2007. It introduced the reparative justice solution and set up the guidance, supervision and assistance to protect in the process of the juvenile law revised in 2007, which makes every effort to achieve re-socialization of juvenile crime. However, it is mainly through the criminal law and criminal procedural law to regulate the juvenile delinquent in China. Although the criminal procedure law strives to achieve the re-socialization of minor criminal suspects after revised, its effect is limited. Non-prosecution of additional conditions system and community correction system stipulated in the criminal law and criminal procedural law are too soft. Therefore, this article will seek some suggestions through the comparison in criminal justice policy of juvenile delinquency from South Korea.

목차

摘要

一. 韩国对少年犯罪的处理

二. 韩国对少年犯罪的保护观察制度

三. 中国的对未成年犯罪的刑事司法政策的反思

四. 结论

参考文献

ABSTRACT

키워드

juvenile delinquency criminal justice policy criminal procedure law protective punishment community correction 青 少年犯罪 刑事司法政策 刑事诉 讼 法 保护 处 分 社区 矫 正