노조의 집단따돌림 및 노조사회화가 파업행동에 미치는 영향과 과정에 관한 연구

• 영문명: The Effects of Union Bullying and Socialization on Union Strike
• 발행기관: 한국인사관리학회
• 저자명: 박래효(Park, Rea Hyo) 김경수(Kim, Kyung Su) 이경근(Lee, Kyung Geun)
• 간행물 정보: 『조직과 인사관리연구』인사관리연구 제32집 4권, 151~178쪽, 전체 28쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경영학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2008.12.30

국문 초록

본 연구에서는 노조가 집단을 유지하고 강화하기 위하여 사용하는 단결강제수단 가운데 하나인 노조의 집단따돌림 행동, 그리고 노조사회화와 같이 집단을 강화하는 활동이 노조의 집단 행동에 어떠한 프로세스를 통하여 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 통합모형의 설계와 가설검정을 통하여 분석하였다. 구체적으로는 파업에 참가한 노동조합이 노조원들의 파업참여를 강제하기 위해 파업에 비협조적인 노조원에게 행사하는 집단따돌림 행동이 노조원들의 집단따돌림 두려움 지각과 노조에 대한 집단정체성, 그리고 작업장 집단응집성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 연구하였다. 아울러 노조사회화 활동이 노조에 대한 집단정체성과 집단행동참가에 미치는 영향을 함께 연구하였다. 변인들 간의 관계성에 대한 이론연구 및 선행연구들에 대한 분석을 토대로 총 8개의 가설과 통합모형을 설계하였으며, 실증분석을 위하여 집단따돌림과 노조사회화를 집단단결수단으로 사용한 사업장의 노조원들을 대상으로 설문조사에 의한 경험자료를 수집하였다. 설문조사는 2004년 8월 전면파업에 참가한 국내 석유화학계열 대기업 조합원들을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 총 조합원 1,095명으로 구성된 이 사업장에서 파업에 참가한 847명에게 설문지를 배부하였으며 그 가운데 미응답자 및 부실응답자를 제외한 714명의 응답치를 가지고 통계분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 본 연구에서 설정한 연구모형 및 대부분의 가설들이 지지되고 있음을 확인하였다. 연구에 대한 논의 및 결론부에서 본 연구의 의미와 시사점, 그리고 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향 등을 제시하였다.

영문 초록

There are two categories of strategies for every groups to achieve their goals and keep their enduring activities for existence; one category to promote the member's positive relationship to groups and the other category to control, reject, or exclude member's harmful or negative behaviors to the groups. Whereas organizational socialization is included in one category of promoting positive behavior, group bullying is included in the other category of rejecting negative behaviors. As a means to reinforce union's consolidation, a lot of union use the group bullying against some members who intend to be deviant from or negative to union policy. Also they use union socialization to as a means to promote to shape social identity to union members. Many unions think the bulling policy is effective in their crisis like union strike, but there are no reports or studies about effectiveness of group bullying on union process. Therefore in this study, we have intentions to examine the relationship of union bullying and union socialization with union strike, and mediate effects of some factors on strike; social identity, fear perceived from the union bullying, and workplace cohesion. We also examined the causal relationship among those factors. We thought the union bullying would not be different from school children's or workplace bullying in the case that it would be conducted by formal authority of union, not by informal and non organized bullying behavior. Based on the theory and the literatures we investigated various literatures and set a series of hypotheses; Hypothesis 1. Union's bullying will have positive effects on union member's fear caused by not following union's policy. Hypothesis 2. Union's bullying will have positive effect on union member's social identity. Hypothesis 3. Union's bullying will have negative effect on union member's workplace cohesion. Hypothesis 4. Union's organizational socialization on union members will have positive effects on their social identity. Hypothesis 5. Union member's social identity will have positive effect on fear caused by union's bullying. Hypothesis 6. Union member's social identity will have positive effect on union member's strike participation. Hypothesis 7. Union member's workplace cohesion will have positive effect on fear caused by union's bullying. Hypothesis 8. Union member's fear caused by union's bullying will have positive effect on union member's strike participation. To verify these hypotheses, we tested them with some data which we got from a company that underwent the general strike in 2004. It was a large petrochemical company, located in korean, union member of which was 1,095. We distributed questionnaire, which was composed of the self reporting questions, to 847 union members who took part in the general strike, then retrieved 740 from them. The respondents were almost blue color workers. After removing the insincere responses, for example as in the case of leaving some blanks or insignificant response, we analyzed 714 data with SPSS and LISREL. After statistical analysis, we found the all hypotheses that we had assumed were verified as valid. From this study we can find that union bullying can have positive effect on union member's strike participation. But the amount of bullying effect was less than that of socialization. Therefore the strategy to use socialization can be more effective in deriving the pro-group behavior. After this test, we summarized the meaning and implication which this study has in IR studies fields. In a conclusion, we provided the limits of this study and future direction.

키워드

집단따돌림 노조사회화 집단정체성 집단응집력 집단따돌림 두려움 집단행동참가 파업 organizational socialization group bullying union participation perceived fear social identity workplace cohesion union strike