폐기물 및 바이오매스 가스화를 통한 수소 생산 기술의 최신 동향과 전망

• 영문명: Recent Advances and Perspectives on Gasification Technologies for Waste and Biomass
• 발행기관: 한국환경에너지공학회
• 저자명: 박영수
• 간행물 정보: 『환경에너지공학』제20권 제3호, 1~17쪽, 전체 17쪽
• 주제분류: 공학 > 환경공학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.10.31

국문 초록

Gasification of waste and biomass is gaining attention as a hydrogen production pathway that can simultaneously address energy security and carbon neutrality. Unlike conventional incineration, gasification efficiently converts diverse feedstocks into hydrogen-rich syngas with reduced environmental impacts. This study provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in hydrogen production technologies based on waste and biomass gasification. The gasification reaction mechanisms—comprising drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction—and the corresponding hydrogen formation pathways are summarized. The effects of key operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio, and type of gasifying agent on hydrogen yield are analyzed. Furthermore, the roles of nickel-based, calcium-based, and biochar-derived catalysts in tar reduction and hydrogen selectivity enhancement are discussed. Various reactor configurations—including fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, plasma, and chemical looping gasifiers—are compared in terms of their advantages and limitations, and the feasibility of integrated processes is evaluated. In conclusion, hydrogen production from waste and biomass gasification is not merely a waste treatment technology but a strategic solution capable of enabling regional decentralized energy hubs, decarbonization of industry and transport sectors, and realization of a circular economy.

목차

1. 서론

2. 가스화를 통한 수소 생산 기술 개요

3. 폐기물 및 바이오매스 종류에 따른 수소 생산 특성

4. 반응 조건에 따른 수소 생산 특성

5. 반응기 형식에 따른 수소 생산 특성

6. 수소 생산 효율 향상 및 탄소 저감 통합 전략

7. 결론

감사의 글

References

키워드

Waste Gasification Biomass Gasification Hydrogen Production Syngas Carbon Neutrality