Accuracy of artificial intelligence-assisted soft tissue landmark identification in serial lateral cephalograms of Class III two-jaw surgery patients

• 발행기관: 대한치과교정학회
• 저자명: Sun Hyong Kim Inhwan Kim Jin-Hyoung Cho Kyung-Hwa Kang Minji Kim Su-Jung Kim Yoon-Ji Kim Sang-Jin Sung Young Ho Kim Sung-Hoon Lim Seung-Hak Baek Namkug Kim Mihee Hong
• 간행물 정보: 『The Korean Journal of Orthodontics』제55권 제5호, 392~404쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 의약학 > 기타의약학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.09.30

국문 초록

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted soft tissue landmark identification (STLI) on serial lateral cephalograms (Lat-Cephs) of Class III patients treated with two-jaw orthognathic surgery across four different time-points. Methods: A convolutional neural network model was developed for STLI, trained and validated using 3,004 Lat-Cephs from 751 patients. The test set included 224 Lat-Cephs from 56 patients, divided into the genioplasty (n = 22) and non-genioplasty (n = 34) groups. The four time-points included initial (T0), pre-surgery (T1, brackets), post-surgery (T2, brackets, surgical plates, and screws [S-PS]), and debonding (T3, S-PS and fixed retainers). AI accuracy was compared with a human standard for 13 soft tissue landmarks. Mean radial errors (MREs), horizontal and vertical errors, and statistical differences were analyzed. Results: The total MRE across all time-points was 1.50 ± 0.48 mm, with 64.9% of values being less than 1.5 mm MRE. There were no significant differences in accuracy among the four time-points (T0, 1.41 mm; T1, 1.53 mm; T2, 1.58 mm; T3, 1.47 mm). The pronasale, stomion inferius (Stmi), stomion superius (Stms) showed an increase in MRE (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively), whereas the Lower Lip showed a decrease in MRE (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in errors across time-points for the soft-tissue B point, soft-tissue Pogonion, or soft-tissue Menton between the genioplasty and non-genioplasty groups. Conclusions: The AI algorithm in this study might be an effective tool for STLI in Lat-Cephs at T1, T2, and T3, despite the presence of brackets, S-PS, fixed retainers, genioplasty, and bone remodeling.

목차

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

키워드

Artificial intelligence Soft tissue landmark identification accuracy Lateral cephalogram Orthognathic surgery