주요 선진국과 한국의 실내공기질 기준에 따른 비교 분석: 환경보건학적 관점에서

• 영문명: Comparative Analysis of Indoor Air Quality Standards in Major Advanced Countries and South Korea: An Environmental Health Perspective
• 발행기관: 한국환경보건학회
• 저자명: 이승중(Seung-Jung Lee) 박상훈(Sang-Hun Park) 김성천(Seong-Cheon Kim) 이민희(Min-Hi Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국환경보건학회지』제51권 제2호, 52~61쪽, 전체 10쪽
• 주제분류: 공학 > 환경공학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.04.30

국문 초록

Background: South Korea’s Indoor Air Quality Control Act is less strict in terms of pollutant limits, facility coverage, and enforcement compared to guidelines set by the WHO and certain major countries (EU, US, Japan). This study compares international standards in order to identify weaknesses in South Korea’s system and propose improvements, such as stricter standards and improved protection for vulnerable populations. Objectives: To evaluate South Korea’s air quality policies by comparing them with those of the WHO and advanced nations, highlighting limitations and suggesting ways to enhance regulations and safeguard public health. Methods: We compared indoor air quality standards across South Korea, the WHO, and other developed countries using research papers, international reports, guidelines, and legal texts. The analysis focused on pollutants including PM10, PM2.5, CO, NO2, HCHO, and Rn, along with regulatory strength and enforcement structures. Results: South Korea's standards are higher (weaker) than those set by the WHO for PM10(122.2%), PM2.5(233.3%), CO(14.5%), and Rn(48%), indicating potential health concerns. However, its NO2 standards are comparable or stricter than WHO guidelines, showing South Korea’s strengths in managing certain pollutants. Epidemiological studies suggest that for every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, lung cancer risk increases by approximately 8%, highlighting the importance of stringent standards. Conclusions: The study focuses on comparison of legal standards and offers limited insight into implementation. Future research should assess policy cost-effectiveness and long-term health impacts.

키워드

WHO indoor air quality outdoor air quality PM2.5 NO2