Mutation breeding for determinate, diseases, lodging resistance and high yield in sesame

• 발행기관: 한국육종학회
• 저자명: Chul Whan Kang(姜哲煥) Jung Il Lee(李正日) Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국육종학회지』Vol.25 No.3, 235~247쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1993.09.30

영문 초록

Fourteen sesame varieties have been released to farmer’s field since 1955 in Korea. Two varieties were bred by mutation breeding method out of the varieties, and X-ray 20 Krad-irradiated “Ahnsankkae” was developed in 1984 and has been being major sesame variety in Korea. It is occupied 31% of total sesame area due to higher yield uniformity in different regions and diseases resistance. Suwonkkae” was newly developed in 1991 from a X-ray irradiated mutant crossed to Korean local variety and had superior quality with higher essential amino acids and linoleic(Vitamin F) fatty acid content. Mutant 2,625 pedigree lines and 89,200 mutants of all generations were planted to the experimental field of Crop Experiment Station to screen and investigate diseases resistance, yielding ability and the other usable characteristics from 1989 to 1992 for sesame mutation breeding programme in Korea. 1, 540-mutant lines and 2,137g of M1 seeds were selected among all the released mutant lines and plants of all the generations from 1989 to 1992. Sodium azide(NaN3)-treated dwarf mutant “Suwon 128” had been promising due to it’s unique shape of dwarf with strong lodging resistance and higher yield possibility when planted densely. However, it was deleted from presenting recommending varieties in 1992 by the reason of weakness to phytophthora blight specially at the full maturing stage of harvesting time during the 3 years regional yield trials(RYT) in spite of similar yield performance compared to the recommended varieties. The only one determinate gene in the world “dt 45” irradiated 50 Krad γ-ray by Dr. A. Ashri has been promising gene in Korea for higher maturity rate and synchronization of flowering period to improve longer flowering period(40-50 days) of the indeterminate varieties. “dt 45” was beginning to be introduced to cross breeding programme from 1985, and “Suwon 129” was bred from the cross between “dt 45” and “Danbaeckkae”, and was released to regional yield trial from 1990 for the first time as a determinate type line in Korea. Determinate lines Suwon 131, 133, 134, and 135 were continuously released to regional yield trial following after Suwon 129, but almost all the lines of determinate showed lesser yield performance due to their few capsule setting nodes(3-5) on the stem than recommended indeterminate varieties in spite of their strong resistance to diseases and lodging and higher maturity rate. 5,015 lines(57%) and 1,229(58%) cross combinations of mutants and mutant crosses among 8,751 lines and 2,122 cross combinations of whole cross breeding pedigree nurseries have been planted and evaluated since 1989. 1,266 lines(60%) and 276(54%) cross combinations of mutants and mutant crosses among 2,096 lines and 509 cross combinations of whole yield performance trials(OYT, PYT, AYT and RYT) have been relaeased since 1989 in Korea. Consequently dwarf mutant “Suwon 128” and determinate varieties have been composed of one hundred percent in the crossing block in 1992. Determinate, semi-dwarf, diseases and lodging resistant, larger seed size, few and non branches along with higher maturity rate and yield have been illustrated as Ideal Plant Type of sesame breeding target in Korea. “SI 90033-2B” (Suwon 129//Suwon 9/IS 103) mutant which was found in F₂ pedigree nursery in 1992 showed strong resistance to diseases and lodging, plenty of capsule-setting nodes with longer capsule bearing position, lots of capsules and higher maturity rate compared to those of indeterminate and of other determinate mutants in Korea. It has been evaluated to overcome yield problem of determinates due to idealistic growth and yield components. “SI 90033-2B” has been believed to be the mutant line for creating Ideal Plant Type in sesame.

목차

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Criteria for induction proper mutagenesis in mutagen treatments

Contribution of mutants to traditional cross breeding programme

Ideal plant types and mutant varieties recommended in sesame

摘要

REFERENCES

키워드

Sesame Mutation breeding Diseases Lodging resistance High yield Korea