水稻種子 更新의 現況과 問題點

• 영문명: Present status and problems in rice seed renewal systems in Korea
• 발행기관: 한국육종학회
• 저자명: Mun Hue Heu(許文會) Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) Soo Yeon Cho(趙守衍)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국육종학회지』Vol.17 No.3, 1~12쪽, 전체 12쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1985.09.30

영문 초록

In this study, the systems in, which the new seeds of the recommended vareaties are released and reached to the farmers are examined to facilitate better understanding of rice variety renewal systems so as bring informations for the alleviation of the cruxes involved in the systems. In Korea, modern rice breeding started in 1906 and artificial hybridization began in 1915. The steps which the rice varieties are improved could be grouped into 4 stages such as 1). Native variety stage, 2). Introduced variety stage, 3). Japonica bred-variety stage and 4). Indica-Japonica bred-variety stage. Through the rice breeding efforts, more than 90 varieties were released as recommended varieties during last 80 years. The varieties released after 1970 showed 2-2.5 times high productivity. The yield potential of the newly released varieties since 1960 showed increase of 75.6 kg/ha/year (equivalent to 2.6%/year). The yield increase of newly released Japonica varieties especially released since 1978 were prominent one(166.7kg/ha/year). During last several years, the number of recommended and semi-recommended varieties reached from 37 to 45, adding about 14% and dropping about 12% annually and the numbers are increasing tendency. Most recommended varieties reached to the largest acreage within 4 years after released. This is ascribed the farmers preferance to the latest variety, and the fast seed increase system which includes the winter seed multiplication scheme. The paddy area planted to recommended varieties reached to 99.5% by 1984 implying that the varietal improvement program is going on successfully. According to the seed renewal program a farmer can renew in every 4 years. To supply seeds to the 25% of total farmers, breeder seeds are kept in breeding stations, foundation seeds are kept in Provincial RDAs, registered seeds kept in seed farms of Provincial Grovernments and Institute of Seeds Supply, and the certified seeds are supplyed by the Institute of Seed Supply. To enhance the multiplication and distribution of newly bred varieties, RDA increases the seeds during winter and hands over them to the Institute of Seeds Supply as registered seed. During last 7 years, the breeder seeds, foundation seeds, and the registered seeds achieved their target production, but the certified seeds production reached only up to 80.5% in average. The production and distribution of certified seeds depend on to the farmers. The farmers’ inclination to a few numbers of varieties not only increases the varietal fragility but also enhances the difficulty in seeds production program for certified seeds. Some varieties are dropped from the recommended variety within 3-4 years after release and this brings difficulties in seed renewal program. To alleviate this kind of difficulties more rigorous standards for the variety release program are required.

목차

ABSTRACT

緖言

I. 水稻種子의 育成現況과 增收効果

II. 水稻 種子更新 事業의 現況과 問題點

III. 要約

參考文獻

質疑와 應答