“第二自然”与“审美拜物教”批判——基于《资本论》及其手稿的美学阐释

• 영문명: Critique of “Second Nature” and “Aesthetic Fetishism” : An Aesthetic Interpretation Based on Das Kapital and Its Manuscripts
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: Zhang Ruiqing
• 간행물 정보: 『International journal of Marxism studies』Vol.2 No.2, 1~14쪽, 전체 14쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.06.30

국문 초록

The theory of “aesthetic fetishism”, rooted in the critique of fetishism from Das Kapital, aims to analyze the colonization of the aesthetic sphere by “second nature” under capitalist production. “Second nature” refers both to the transformation of capitalist economic laws into blindly deterministic “natural laws” and to the supersensible, abstract value objectivity inherent in economic objects (Sache). Compared to interpretations based on alienation theory, the critique of fetishism offers a more robust framework for explaining “second nature”. As an objective social existence, “aesthetic fetishism” comprises two dimensions: “aesthetic Verdinglichung”, which manifests as the reconstruction of aesthetic properties and aesthetic value through value forms, turning them into signifiers and mirrors of value objectivity, such as the sensuous luster of gold and silver is reified into symbols of wealth, while aesthetic value is reduced to “surplus use-value” representing economic excess; and “aesthetic Versachlichung”, which denotes how social relations are mediated through reified aesthetic values into inter-object relations (sachliche Verhältnisse), and how the aesthetic sensus communis—reshaped by the commodity-money system into an abstractly homogenized “second nature”—undergoes secondary objectification, with the latter being the cause of aesthetic generalization.

영문 초록

“审美拜物教”理论植根于《资本论》的拜物教批判，旨在剖析资本主义生产方式对审美领域的“第二自然”殖民现象。“第二自然”既指资本主义经济规律异变为盲目必然的自然规律，也指经济物象具有的超感性的抽象的价值对象性。相较于异化阐释，“第二自然”的拜物教阐释路径更具理论优势。“审美拜物教”作为客观的社会存在包含两层维度：“审美物化”体现为价值形式对感性属性与审美价值的重构，使其成为价值对象性的能指与镜像，例如金银的感性光泽被物化为财富象征，审美价值则物化为表征经济剩余的“剩余使用价值”；“审美物象化”既指社会关系通过物化的审美价值呈现为物象间性关系，又指被商品—货币体系重塑为具有抽象同一性的“第二自然”的审美共通感的再度物象化，后者是审美泛化现象的原因。

목차

Ⅰ. 引言

Ⅱ.“第二自然”与“审美拜物教”的内涵

Ⅲ. 审美物化：价值形式中的感性属性与审美价值

Ⅳ. 审美物象化：社会关系物象化与审美共通感的物象化

Ⅴ. 结语

参考文献

키워드

Second nature Aesthetic fetishism Aesthetic Verdinglichung Aesthetic Versachlichung Marx 第二自然 审美拜物教 审美物化 审美物象化 马克思