Comparative Analysis of Research and Development Productivity among European Countries

• 발행기관: 고려대학교 미래성장연구원
• 저자명: 정재호(Jaeho Jung) 이강원(Kangwon Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『미래성장연구』제10권 2호, 129~157쪽, 전체 29쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경제학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.12.31

국문 초록

2024년 한국 정부는 재정 건전성과 R&D투자의 효율성을 강조하면서 예산을 대폭 감소하였다. 한편 이와 같은 논의는 2000년대를 전후로 하여 유럽에서 논의된 R&D Paradox와 그 맥락을 함께하고 있다. 이에 동 연구는 과거 50년 동안(1970~2020) OECD에 가입한 G10 유럽 국가들(독일, 영국, 프랑스, 벨기에, 네덜란드, 이탈리아)을 대상으로 누적 연구개발 투자총량인 R&D Stock, 과학기술 발전의 대리 지표인 총요소생산성 그리고 경제성장 변수들을 각각 영구재고법과 성장회계에 기반하여 각각 추계하였으며, 동 변수들 간의 인과관계를 콥-더글라스 생산함수에 기반하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 유럽 6개국의 R&D Stock은 과학기술 발전과 경제성장에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 국가 별로 R&D Stock과 TFP의 인과관계는 다소 상이하게 추정되었으며, R&D 투자의 효율성은 독일, 프랑스, 벨기에가 영국, 네덜란드, 이탈리아보다 높게 나타났다. 특히 주요 유럽 국가들은 과학기술발전의 대리 지표인 총요소생산성 증가율이 감소하는 추세를 보이고 있었다. 또한 정부보다는 기업의 R&D투자 효율성이 점차 높게 나타나고 있다. 이는 정부와 기업의 공동연구와 오픈이노베이션을 활성화함으로써 R&D 투자의 효율성을 제고할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

영문 초록

In 2024, the Korean government drastically reduced its budget by emphasizing financial soundness and efficiency of R&D investment. Meanwhile, this discussion is in line with the R&D Paradox discussed in Europe around the 2000s. Accordingly, this paper surveyed G10 European countries, Germany, the UK, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Italy, which have joined the OECD for the past 50 years (1970-2020), for the total amount of R&D investment, total factor productivity, which is a proxy for science and technology development, and economic growth variables were estimated based on the permanent inventory method and growth accounting, respectively. The causal relationship between these variables was empirically analyzed based on the Cobb-Douglas production function. As a result of the analysis, the R&D stock of six European countries had a positive effect on both science and technology development and economic growth, and it was found to be statistically significant. However, the causal relationship between R&D stock and TFP was estimated somewhat differently by country, and the efficiency of R&D investment was higher in Germany, France, and Belgium than in the UK, the Netherlands, and Italy. In particular, major European countries were showing a decreasing trend of total factor productivity, which is a proxy for science and technology development. In addition, companies' R&D investment efficiency is gradually higher than that of the government. This suggests that it is necessary to improve the efficiency of R&D investment by revitalizing joint R&D and open innovation between the government and companies.

목차

Ⅰ. Introduction

Ⅱ. Theoretical Background

Ⅲ. Methodology

Ⅳ. Results

References

키워드

R&D 패러독스 연구개발스톡 총요소샌산성 경제성장 오픈이노베이션 R&D parodox R&D Stock & Total Factor Productivity(TFP) Economic growth Openinnovation

참고문헌

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