국문 초록
Background: People’s activities have been restricted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes in
activity patterns may lead to a decrease in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. Additionally, the
level of population exposure to PM2.5 may be changed.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the impact of population movement and meteorological factors on
the distribution of PM2.5 concentrations before and after the outbreak of COVID-19.
Methods: The study area was Guro-gu in Seoul. The research period was selected as January to March 2020,
a period of significant population movement changes caused by COVID-19. The evaluation of the dynamic
population was conducted by calculating the absolute difference in population numbers between consecutive
hours and comparing them to determine the daily average. Ambient PM2.5 concentrations were estimated
for each grid using ordinary kriging in Python. For the population exposure assessment, the populationweighted
average concentration was calculated by determining the indoor to outdoor population for each grid
and applying the indoor to outdoor ratio to the ambient PM2.5 concentration. To assess the factors influencing
changes in the ambient PM2.5 concentration, a statistical analysis was conducted, incorporating population
mobility and meteorological factors.
Results: Through statistical analysis, the correlation between ambient PM2.5 concentration and population
movement was positive on both weekends and weekdays (r=0.71, r=0.266). The results confirmed that most
of the relationships were positive, suggesting that a decrease in human activity can lead to a decrease in
PM2.5 concentrations. In addition, when population-weighted concentration averages were calculated and
the exposure level of the population group was compared before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, the
proportion of people exceeding the air quality standard decreased by approximately 15.5%.
Conclusions: Human activities can impact ambient concentrations of PM2.5, potentially altering the levels of
PM2.5 exposure in the population.
영문 초록
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