국문 초록
Background: South Korea’s Act on Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemicals (known as K-REACH) was
established to protect public health and the environment from hazardous chemicals. 4,4’-Methylenedianiline
(MDA), which is used as a major intermediate in industrial polymer production and as a vulcanizing agent
in South Korea, is classified as a toxic substance under the K-REACH act. Although MDA poses potential
ecological risks due to industrial emissions and hazards to aquatic ecosystems, no ecological risk assessment
has been conducted.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the ecological risk of MDA by identifying the actual exposure
status based on the K-REACH act.
Methods: Various toxicity data were collected to establish predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs)
for water, sediment, and soil. Using the SimpleBox Korea v2.0 model with domestic release statistical data
and EU emission factors, predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) were derived for ten sites, each
referring to an MDA-using company. Hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated by ratio of the PECs and PNECs
to characterize the ecological risk posed by MDA. To validate the results of modeling-based assessment,
concentration of MDA was measured using in-site freshwater samples (two to three samples per site).
Results: PNECs for water, sediment, and soil were 0.000525 mg/L, 4.36 mg/kg dw, and 0.1 mg/kg dw,
respectively. HQ for surface water and sediment at several company sites exceeded 1 due to modeling data
showing markedly high PEC in each environmental compartment. However, in the results of validation using
in-site surface water samples, MDA was not detected.
Conclusions: Through an ecological risk assessment conducted in accordance with the K-REACH act, the
risk level of MDA emitted into the environmental compartments in South Korea was found to be low.
영문 초록
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