북한의 사회교육을 통해 본 여성상

• 영문명: Women's Image Reflected in the Social Education in North Korea
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 전숙자(Sook-Ja Chun)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제11집, 195~226쪽, 전체 32쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1995.04.01

영문 초록

This paper begins with the question, "What is the ideal image of women in the North Korean society?" The question is significant but quite eomplicated to be simply answered. The reasons are: first of all, the ideal image of women is closely related to what kind of person (men and women) the society pursues as the ideal for the future generation. Second, there have been great differences between South and North Korean societies since the partition of the Korean Peninsula. In this sense, ideal images, of women in South and North Korea can not be exceptional. The task on which women in South and North Korea are currently facing is not only to overcome heterogeneity in such areas as politics, economics, and socio-cultural systems, but also to recover homogeneity we had shared for a long history before the partition. This paper is focusing on the following issues. 1) What is the ideal image of women in the North Korean society? 2) How is the ideal image of women reflected in the educational system including social education whose significance has been highly emphasized in North Korea? One of major difficulties to study issues related to North Korea is the availability of data. Moreover, the validity and reliability of data are seriously questionable. In this paper, the content of textbooks at elementary level, such as 「Yuch'iwŏn Kyoyangwon Ch'am'go-suh」 (Reference Book for Cultivating Children at Nursery Schools) 「Kong'sanchu'ŏi Todŏk」 (Morality of Communism), and a women's magazine, 「Chosŏn Yŏsŏng」 (Traditional Korean Women) are analyzed for figuring out the questions raised in the above. From the content analysis, somewhat interesting points were found. In the North Korean society, the ideal image of women contains so-called traditional feminine characteristics as well as so-called North Korean style socialist revolutionary characteristics. These two aspects of the ideal type of women seem to be contradictory each other. But, in the North Korean context, so-called traditional femininity-that is, tenderness, altruism, taking care of others, and motherhood, etc.-and revolutionary attitudes and behaviors-that is, active participation in social labor activities, adventurous attitude toward genuine communist revolution, internalization of Chuch'e ideology, etc.-are well mingled into the one ideal image. The ideal image of human beings is clearly expressed in the Chuch'e ideology. The ideal person is described as ① one who participates in the social labor, ② one who internalizes Chuch'e ideology and practices it, ③ one who has positive views on the communist revolution, as Karl Marx predicted, and ④ one who has a sense of community and of doing not for him/her but for the group he/she belongs. This kinds of ideal image- are systematically reflected into the every level of education not only for public educations but also for social ones. The elementary level textbooks educate students to make efforts to be industrious, well-disciplined, group-oriented, and self-reliant. 「Chosŏn Yŏsŏng」 depicts 'seemingly contradictory but virtually well-balanced' image of ideal women. In the 「Chosŏn Yŏsŏng」, women's roles as mother, wife, and daughter-in-law which have been traditionally ascribed to women are highly praised, especially when women follow such traditional virtues as endurance, sacrificing themselves for their children, husbands and/or mothers-in-law. At the same time, all women are forced to accommodate more revolutionary identities like a liberation from the patriarchal authoritarian relationships between husband and wife, parents and child. The ideal image of working women is also characterized by 'traditional feminirity' and 'liberated workers'. In the case of women workers engaged in service sector, besides kindness and careness, active senses of responsibility and professionalism are required. As a future project, a new topic may be pose

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 북한사회와 사회교육

Ⅲ. 학교 교육과정에 나타난 여성상

Ⅳ. 사적 영역에 나타난 여성상 - 『조선녀성』분석을 중심으로

Ⅴ. 공적 영역에서의 여성상 - 경제생활을 중심으로

Ⅵ. 결론

참고문헌

Abstract