북한의 헌법변화와 경제변화

• 영문명: Constitutional Change and Change of Economic Situation in North Korea
• 발행기관: 한국헌법학회
• 저자명: 장명봉(Chang Myung-Bong)
• 간행물 정보: 『헌법학연구』憲法學硏究 第9卷 第4號, 415~463쪽, 전체 49쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 법학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2003.12.01

영문 초록

The social1st constitution of North Korea(1972) was amended twice in the 1990' s. The first amendment of the constitution was made in 1992 as a legal countermeasure against the changes of internal and external circumstances according to the collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe, disorganization of the USSR, and so on. This constitutional amendment could be interpreted to provide legal preliminaries for the Kim Jong-il regime by advocating 'Socialism of Our Own Style' as the countermove as other socialist regimes started to fall. The second amendment was made in 1998 to make legal and institutional measures for protecting the political system and economic resuscitation of Kim Jong-il regime. The economy-related clauses in the North Korean constitutuional amendment of 1998 reflect legal measures to break through their economic difficulties, authorization of the changed economic situation in North Korea, enlargement of economic opening to foreign capital, transformational necessity toward pragmatism in their economic policy, etc.. These consitutional amendments display a willingness for economic reform in North Korea for economic development in the framework of the socialist-planned economy as the basic economic system of Kim Jong-il regime. Following the enforcement of the so-called '2002 July 1 Economic Management Improvement Measures,' North Korea sought to improve domestic economic conditions by adjusting workers' wages, the market price, and the exchange rate at that time. The recent trend in the economic activities of North Korea enhanced economic improvement measures by partly adapting market principles upon the second period of Kim Jong-il regime. In addition, North Korea has shown willingness toward economic openness by designating three special economic zones including 'Sinuiju Special Administrative Region', 'Mt. Geumgang Tourist Zone' and 'Gaesong Industrial Complex' in 2002. These measures in foreign economic policy are designed to stimulate economic activity by decreasing monopolism and by strengthening foreign trade. It is important to be more attentive to the contexts for the prospect of constitutional change and reform of North Korea. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the backgrounds, characteristics and contexts of the amended constitution(1998), and to examine economic improvement measures in domestic and foreign economic policy in North Korea. It will be suggested that the North Korean Constitution be amended in the direction of leading the Kim Jong-il regime to reform and open their political and economic systems.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 1998년 개정헌법상 경제조항변화의 배경과 내용

3. 1998년 개정헌법상 경제조항 변화의 평가

4. 북한 경제개혁·개방의 최근 동향

5. 북한 헌법의 변화전망

6. 맺음말

Abstract