리튬 금속 음극 제조 기술의 최근 연구동향과 발전

• 영문명: Recent Advances in Fabrication Technologies for Lithium Metal Anodes
• 발행기관: 한국세라믹학회
• 저자명: 주현상(Hyunsang Joo) 윤정식(Jeongsik Yun)
• 간행물 정보: 『세라미스트』제28권 제3호, 399~438쪽, 전체 40쪽
• 주제분류: 공학 > 화학공학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.09.30

국문 초록

Lithium-ion batteries have become essential to modern energy storage technologies, supporting a wide range of applications from portable electronics to electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage systems. However, their energy density is fundamentally constrained by the low specific capacity of graphite anodes (372 mAh g−1). As graphite-based anodes approach their theoretical limits, lithium metal has emerged as a promising alternative due to its ultrahigh capacity (3,860 mAh g−1) and the lowest electrochemical potential (−3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). Despite these advantages, its practical application remains hindered by dendritic growth, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, and limited cycling reversibility. This review presents a comprehensive overview of lithium metal anode development, beginning with upstream resource extraction and refinement from brine, hard-rock, and sedimentary sources. Subsequently, we classify fabrication strategies into six categories: mechanical processing, vapor-phase deposition, molten lithium infusion, electrochemical deposition, composite-based strategies, and anode-free designs. To guide the fabrication approaches, we construct a comparative matrix that correlates lithium efficiency with manufacturability, thereby enabling the integration of lithium metal anodes into scalable and commercially relevant battery architectures.

목차

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REFERENCES

키워드

Battery production Lithium-metal anode Lithium Plating/Stripping Lithium surface treatment Next-generation Batteries