[특집] 비재래적 안보위협과 지역안보정책

• 영문명: Challenges of Iilicit International Activities in Northeast Asia
• 발행기관: 한국전략문제연구소
• 저자명: 오관치
• 간행물 정보: 『전략연구』통권 제10호, 6~34쪽, 전체 29쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 정치외교학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1997.06.30

영문 초록

As traditional military threats have abated, Northeast Asia is increasingly confronted with emerging non-military, non-traditional security challenges. They are drug trafficking, international organized crime, terrorism, cross-border environmental degradation, piracy, potential exodus of refugees and the problems of human rights encroachment. Until the end of the Cold War, these issues had been either suppressed, submerged or nonexistent”, drug trafficking and international organized crime were either nonexistent or insignificant; no serious incident of terrorism was reported: navies and maritime police were less frequently involved in piracy on the international waters: transborder environmental degradation was minimal until China started to accelerate its economic development and industrialization. The more fundamental issue of human rights?whose promotion and protection are prerequisite to the long-term peace and cooperation in the region?has been almost completely suppressed until recently. Non-traditional security issues have emerged in the wake of the end of East-West confrontation. The demise of Soviet military intimidation has unleashed the hitherto suppressed threats. Thus, we have seen the recurrence of old territorial disputes, and new recognition of transborder environmental problems. On another front, active expansion of international criminal syndicates, the Russian mafia in particular, is a consequence of the collapse of the former Soviet Union. Widened activity of Chinese criminal groups, such as the triads, is related as much to the deepened international economic interdependence in the post-Cold War era as it is to the scheduled reversion of Hong Kong to China in 1997. A less well-recognized characteristic of non-traditional security issues is their externality. Thus, one country's innocent policies and activities adversely affect its neighbors' security and welfare without the former being charged any economic costs for the damage inflicted upon the latter. The problem of transborder environmental degradation a typical case in point. Another characteristic of non-traditional security issues is to eliminate or reduce them substantially, regional cooperation would be indispensable. International organized crime and drug trafficking cannot be eradicated without intelligence sharing, joint investigation and extradition, besides region-wide tightening up of laws and regulations and their strict, enforcement, which all presuppose a closer regional cooperation, as do the safeguard of sea lanes of communication and the protection of environment. The dilemma, however, is that the very regional cooperation needed to cope with non-traditional security challenges is impeded by renewed traditional disputes, such as disputes over territories. Of a multitude of non-traditional security issues the more significant ones from the Northeast Asian perspective are illicit international activities?drug trafficking, international organized crime and terrorism. Therefore, Northeast Asia needs to develop a regional cooperative regime by signing a new regional convention on prevention, investigation and trial of illicit international activities between South and North Korea, China, Japan, Russia and the two indispensable partners, Canada and the United States. The technology of and lessons learned from conventional arms control?satellite imagery, an open-sky regime, multinational database with secured communication network, a hotline, accident analysis techniques, rules of encounter for neighboring navies and air forces, less intrusive inspection procedures and conflict resolution mechanisms?are very promising and more readily available now to address non-military security problems. Above all, it is increasingly clear that regional security dialogues are called for to better cope with non-traditional as well as traditional security challenges Northeast Asia is confronted with.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 지역안보에 미치는 영향

Ⅲ. 현황

Ⅳ. 지역협력

Ⅴ. 군비통제 기법의 활용

Ⅵ. 결론

Summary