의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile

George W. Crile 지음

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의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile
미국의사가 논문의 자료에서 뽑은 것들을 조합하고, 찰스다윈의 작품에서 인용하고,단테의 신곡에서 인용구를 사용해서 인간의 희로애락 고통과 즐거움을 쓴책으로, 외과 수술에서 사용하는 마취제로 쓰는 약품에서
고통을 없애주는 의학적인 논문 자료를 정리해서 소책자로 만듬. 주로 의학적 마취에 대한 pain 을 없애는 것에 대해서 기술.
THE ORIGIN AND NATURE
of the EMOTIONS Miscellaneous Papers
BY GEORGE W. CRILE, M.D.
PROFESSOR OF SURGERY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE,
WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY VISITING SURGEON TO
THE LAKESIDE HOSPITAL, CLEVELAND
EDITED BY AMY F. ROWLAND, B. S.

preface 연속.
Many of the arguments and illustrations by which the primary premises were
established are repeated―a few in all―many in more than one of these
addresses.
It will be observed, however, that the APPLICATION of these premises varies,
and that their SIGNIFICANCE broadens progressively.
In the Ether Day Address the phylogenetic key supplied by Darwin was utilized
to formulate the principle that the organism reacts as a unit to the stimuli of
physical injury, of emotion, of infection, etc. To the study of these reactions
(transformations of energy) the epoch- making work of Sherrington, "The
Integrative Action of the Nervous System," gave an added key by which the
dominating role of the brain was determined. Later the original work of Cannon
on the adrenal glands gave facts, and an experimental method by which
Darwin's phylogenetic theory of the emotions was further elaborated in other
papers, especially in the one entitled "Phylogenetic Association in Relation to
the Emotions," read before The American Philosophical Society in April, 1911.
GEORGE W. CRILE. CLEVELAND, OHIO, February, 1915.

목차

의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile
CONTENTS
PAGE
1.PHYLOGENETIC ASSOCIATION IN RELATION TO CERTAIN MEDICAL
PROBLEMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
2.PHYLOGENETIC ASSOCIATION IN RELATION TO THE EMOTIONS . . . . 55
3.PAIN, LAUGHTER, AND CRYING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
4.THE RELATION BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL STATE OF THE BRAIN- CELLS AND
BRAIN FUNCTIONS- EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL . . . .111
5.A MECHANISTIC VIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
6.A MECHANISTIC THEORY OF DISEASE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
7.THE KINETIC SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173
8.ALKALESCENCE, ACIDITY, ANESTHESIA―A THEORY OF ANESTHESIA. .227
9.INDEX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

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의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile
미국의사가 논문의 자료에서 뽑은 것들을 조합하고, 찰스다윈의 작품에서 인용하고,단테의 신곡에서 인용구를 사용해서 인간의 희로애락 고통과 즐거움을 쓴책으로, 외과 수술에서 사용하는 마취제로 쓰는 약품에서
고통을 없애주는 의학적인 논문 자료를 정리해서 소책자로 만듬. 주로 의학적 마취에 대한 pain 을 없애는 것에 대해서 기술.
THE ORIGIN AND NATURE
of the EMOTIONS Miscellaneous Papers
BY GEORGE W. CRILE, M.D.
PROFESSOR OF SURGERY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE,
WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY VISITING SURGEON TO
THE LAKESIDE HOSPITAL, CLEVELAND
EDITED BY AMY F. ROWLAND, B. S.

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의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile

의학적 희로애락의 감정의 기원과 본성.The Origin and Nature of Emotions by George W. Crile
PREFACE
IN response to numerous requests I have brought together into this volume
eight papers which may serve as a supplement to the volumes previously
published[ *] and as a preface to monographs now in preparation.
[ *] Surgical Shock, 1899; Surgery of the Respiratory System, 1899; Problems
Relating to Surgical Operations, 1901; Blood Pressure in Surgery, 1903;
Hemorrhage and Transfusion, 1909; Anemia and Resuscitation, 1914; and
Anoci- association, 1914 (with Dr. W. E. Lower).
In the first of these addresses, the Ether Day Address, delivered at the
Massachusetts General Hospital in October, 1910, I first enunciated the Kinetic
Theory of Shock, the key to which was found in laboratory researches and in a
study of Darwin's "Expression of the Emotions in Man and in Animals," whereby
the phylogenetic origin of the emotions was made manifest and the pathologic
identity of surgical and emotional shock was established. Since 1910 my
associates and I have continued our researches through―
(a) Histologic studies of all the organs and tissues of the body; (b) Estimation
of the H- ion concentration of the blood in the emotions of anger and fear and
after the application of many other forms of stimuli; (c) Functional tests of the
adrenals, and (d) Clinical observations.
It would seem that if the striking changes produced by fear and anger and by
physical trauma in the master organ of the body― the brain―were due to
WORK, then we should expect to find corresponding histologic changes in
other organs of the body as well. We therefore examined every organ and
tissue of the bodies of animals which had been subjected to intense fear and
anger and to infection and to the action of foreign proteins, some animals
being killed immediately; some several hours after the immediate effects of the
stimuli had passed; some after seances of strong emotion had been repeated
several times during a week or longer.
The examination of all the tissues and organs of these animals showed
changes in three organs only, and with few exceptions in all three of these
organs―the brain, the adrenals, and the liver. The extent of these changes is
well shown by the photomicrographs which illustrate the paper on "The Kinetic
System" which is included in this volume. This paper describes many
experiments which show that the brain, the adrenal, and the liver play together
constantly and that no one of these organs―as far at least as is indicated by
the histologic studies―can act without the co- operation of the other two.
Another striking fact which has been experimentally established is that the
deterioration of these three organs caused by emotion, by exertion, and by
other causes is largely counteracted, if not exclusively, during sleep. If animals
exhausted by the continued application of a stimulus are allowed complete rest
for a certain number of hours, *without sleep, the characteristic histologic
appearance of exhaustion in the brain, adrenals, and liver is not altered notably,
whereas in animals allowed to sleep for the same number of hours the
histologic changes in these organs are lessened― in some cases obliterated
even.
This significant phenomenon and its relation will be dealt with in a later
monograph.

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저자(글) George W. Crile

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