在异化需要中寻找“根本需要”——评《阿格妮丝·赫勒的异化需要理论研究》

• 영문명: Finding the “Radical Needs” in Alienated Needs: A Review of A Study on Agnes Heller’s Theory of Alienated Needs
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: 部凡
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences』Vol.4 No.5, 84~88쪽, 전체 5쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2026.05.30

국문 초록

A Study on Agnes Heller’s Theory of Alienated Needs follows the critical path of Marx’s theory of “alienated needs” and systematically presents Agnes Heller’s interpretive logic regarding Marx’s theory of needs. On the one hand, based on Marx’s critique and transcendence of German classical philosophy—particularly Hegel’s “system of needs” within civil society and Feuerbach’s notion of the ostensibly “real” yet essentially abstract human being—Heller further explores key issues such as “human needs,” “humanism,” and “alienation.” On the other hand, drawing upon the Budapest School’s method of alienation analysis, Heller reconstructs the micro-perspective of the utopia of needs with “human needs” as its theoretical core, thereby expanding the practical and theoretical dimensions of the concept of human needs. Meanwhile, the author of the book also conducts a reflective critique of Heller’s theory of “alienated needs” from three dimensions: spatially, the focus shifts from the sphere of production to the space of consumption; in terms of power relations, from class oppression to symbolic violence; and methodologically, from economic determinism to cultural constructivism.

영문 초록

《阿格妮丝·赫勒的异化需要理论研究》沿着马克思关于“异化需要”的批判路径，系统呈现了赫勒对于马克思需要思想的叙事逻辑。一方面，赫勒基于马克思对于德国古典哲学（黑格尔的市民社会的需要体系、“费尔巴哈的名为现实实则抽象的人”的需要）的扬弃，探讨了“人的需要”“人道主义”“异化”等问题；另一方面，赫勒运用布达佩斯学派的异化方法聚焦“人的需要”，重构了需要乌托邦的微观视域，并扩展了“人的需要”纵深向度。该书的作者还从三个维度对赫勒“异化需要”理论进行了反思性批判：在空间维度上，实现了从生产场域向消费空间的转向；在权力形态上，实现了从阶级压迫上符号暴力的转换；在方法论上，实现了从经济决定论向文化建构论的拓展。

목차

Ⅰ. 引言

Ⅱ. 从马克思到赫勒的需要范式转换

Ⅳ. 超越异化需要的新需要结构

Ⅴ.“Radical need”翻译问题的疑难及其历史任务

Ⅵ. 中国语境的再思考

参考文献

키워드

Marx Heller Alienated needs Radical need 马克思 赫勒 异化需要 根本需要