Silicon, From Sand to Chips, Volume 2

Alain Vignes 지음

Wiley-ISTE 2024년 06월 04일 출간

작품소개

책소개

Silicon is the material of the digital revolution, of solar energy and of digital photography, which has revolutionized both astronomy and medical imaging. It is also the material of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), indispensable components of smart objects. The discovery of the electronic and optoelectronic properties of germanium and silicon during the Second World War, followed by the invention of the transistor, ushered in the digital age. Although the first transistors were made from germanium, silicon eventually became the preferred material for these technologies. Silicon, From Sand to Chips 2 traces the history of the discoveries, inventions and developments in basic components and chips that these two materials enabled one after the other. The book is divided into two volumes and this second volume is devoted to microelectronic and optoelectronic chips, solar cells and MEMS.

목차

Preface ix Introduction The Digital Revolution xv Chapter 1 Integrated Circuits 1 1.1 Integrated circuits: presentation 2 1.1.1 Logic circuits 2 1.1.2 Analog circuits 3 1.2 The invention of the "integrated circuit" 3 1.2.1 Precursors 3 1.2.2 Jack Kilby's invention 5 1.2.3 Robert Noyce's patent 9 1.2.4 Lehovec's invention 13 1.3 Industrial developments 14 1.3.1 Hybrid circuits 14 1.3.2 Logic function integrated circuits 14 1.3.3 Microprocessors 19 1.3.4 Analog circuits 20 1.4 Integrated circuit technologies 25 1.4.1 Integrated circuit design and photomask production 25 1.4.2 The manufacturing process 25 1.4.3 The technologies 26 1.5 References 30 Chapter 2 Memories 35 2.1 Introduction 35 2.2 SRAM memories 36 2.2.1 Cells and their operation 36 2.2.2 History 40 2.2.3 Industrial developments 41 2.3 DRAM memories 43 2.3.1 Intel 1103 cell 43 2.3.2 The one transistor DRAM cell 44 2.4 Storage memories 47 2.4.1 ROM memories 47 2.4.2 EPROM and EEPROM memories 48 2.5 References 54 Chapter 3 Liquid Crystal Displays 57 3.1 The TFT -- A history 57 3.1.1 The Lilienfeld direct field-effect transistor 57 3.1.2 Welker's TFT 58 3.1.3 Bardeen, Brattain and Gibney's research on the direct field effect 58 3.1.4 Weimer's direct field-effect transistor 59 3.2 The amorphous silicon TFT 60 3.3 Liquid crystal displays 63 3.3.1 History 63 3.3.2 Structure and operation of a liquid crystal display 63 3.4 References 66 Chapter 4 Solar Cells 67 4.1 Introduction 68 4.2 Silicon: the material of solar cells 69 4.3 History 71 4.4 Solar radiation and its absorption 75 4.4.1 Solar radiation 75 4.4.2 Absorption of light ene

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저자(글) Alain Vignes