Hands-On Geospatial Analysis with R and QGIS

A beginner’s guide to manipulating, managing, and analyzing spatial data using R and QGIS 3.2.2

Shammunul Islam 지음

Packt(GCO Science) 2018년 11월 30일 출간

작품소개

책소개

▶Book Description
Managing spatial data has always been challenging and it's getting more complex as the size of data increases. Spatial data is actually big data and you need different tools and techniques to work your way around to model and create different workflows. R and QGIS have powerful features that can make this job easier.

This book is your companion for applying machine learning algorithms on GIS and remote sensing data. You'll start by gaining an understanding of the nature of spatial data and installing R and QGIS. Then, you'll learn how to use different R packages to import, export, and visualize data, before doing the same in QGIS. Screenshots are included to ease your understanding.

Moving on, you'll learn about different aspects of managing and analyzing spatial data, before diving into advanced topics. You'll create powerful data visualizations using ggplot2, ggmap, raster, and other packages of R. You'll learn how to use QGIS 3.2.2 to visualize and manage (create, edit, and format) spatial data. Different types of spatial analysis are also covered using R. Finally, you'll work with landslide data from Bangladesh to create a landslide susceptibility map using different machine learning algorithms.

By reading this book, you'll transition from being a beginner to an intermediate user of GIS and remote sensing data in no time.

▶What You Will Learn
？ Install R and QGIS
？ Get familiar with the basics of R programming and QGIS
？ Visualize quantitative and qualitative data to create maps
？ Find out the basics of raster data and how to use them in R and QGIS
？ Perform geoprocessing tasks and automate them using the graphical modeler of QGIS
？ Apply different machine learning algorithms on satellite data for landslide susceptibility mapping and prediction

▶Key Features
？ Understand the basics of R and QGIS to work with GIS and remote sensing data
？ Learn to manage, manipulate, and analyze spatial data using R and QGIS
？ Apply machine learning algorithms to geospatial data using R and QGIS

▶Who This Book Is For
This book is great for geographers, environmental scientists, statisticians, and every professional who deals with spatial data. If you want to learn how to handle GIS and remote sensing data, then this book is for you. Basic knowledge of R and QGIS would be helpful but is not necessary.

목차

▶TABLE of CONTENTS
1: SETTING UP R AND QGIS ENVIRONMENTS FOR GEOSPATIAL TASKS
2: FUNDAMENTALS OF GIS USING R AND QGIS
3: CREATING GEOSPATIAL DATA
4: WORKING WITH GEOSPATIAL DATA
5: REMOTE SENSING USING R AND QGIS
6: POINT PATTERN ANALYSIS
7: SPATIAL ANALYSIS
8: GRASS, GRAPHICAL MODELERS, AND WEB MAPPING
9: CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGES
10: LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING

책 속으로

▶What this book covers
？ Chapter 1, Setting Up R and QGIS Environments for Geospatial Tasks, shows how to set up the R and QGIS environments necessary for this book. The basics of R programming are covered, and you are introduced to the interface of QGIS.

？ Chapter 2, Fundamentals of GIS Using R and QGIS, details the different ways that spatial data is handled by R and QGIS. You are introduced to the steps that need to be followed to set up different projection systems and re-project data in this software. Packages such as sp, maptools, rgeos, sf, ggplot2, ggmap, and tmap in R are covered, showing how spatial data can be imported, exported, and visualized with the R engine. This chapter also shows how to do the same tasks with QGIS, with the help of detailed descriptions and screenshots. You will learn how to visualize quantitative and qualitative data in both R and QGIS.

？ Chapter 3, Creating Geospatial Data, provides a detailed overview of how to create geospatial data. This chapter will shed light on how vector and raster data is stored and how you can create point data, line data, and polygon data. Using QGIS, you will also be introduced to the digitization of maps.

？ Chapter 4, Working with Geospatial Data, explains how to query data for information extraction, how to use different joins, how to dissolve polygons, how to use buffering, and more. R and QGIS are both used to accomplish these tasks.

？ Chapter 5, Remote Sensing Using R and QGIS, begins with the basics of RS. The steps required to load and visualize remote sensing in R and QGIS are followed by band arithmetic, stacking and unstacking raster images, and other basic operations with RS data.

？ Chapter 6, Point Pattern Analysis, starts with the basic terminology of point pattern process (PPP) such as points, events, marks, windows, the spatial point pattern, and the spatial point process. It then explains how to use R to create R objects. You are then introduced to the PPP analysis for spatial randomness checking using quadrat testing, G-function, Kfunction and L-function, and others.

？ Chapter 7, Spatial Analysis, introduces readers to testing and modeling autocorrelation, fitting generalized linear models, and geostatistics. Checking the spatial autocorrelation of data using Moran's I is covered here, followed by spatial regression and a generalized linear model. Spatial interpolation and the basics of geostatistics are also discussed here.

？ Chapter 8, GRASS, Graphical Modelers, and Web Mapping, focuses on some more open source software, GRASS GIS, which can be used with QGIS. The chapter explains how to set up GRASS GIS and perform GRASS operations. Automating tasks using the graphical modeler is also covered. You will also learn how to make web maps inside QGIS.

？ Chapter 9, Classification of Remote Sensing Images, covers the basics of remote sensing image classification using QGIS 3.2.2. Supervised classification using the SCP plugin of QGIS is used to show how you can classify landsat images.

？ Chapter 10, Landslide Susceptibility Mapping, is a case study-based chapter where you are introduced to the different steps needed to make landslide susceptibility maps. Using the historical data of landslide events in Bangladesh, this chapter provides a step-by-step guide to the process of creating a landslide susceptibility map. In doing so, R and QGIS are used together. Logistic regression and decision-tree-based algorithms are used to fit models, and the accuracy of those models are then computed.

출판사 서평

▶ Preface
Where is something happening? Are there similarities between different areas with respect to an attribute of interest? Which area is most susceptible to a particular hazard? These and many other questions can be answered if you take location into account in your analysis. Location plays an important role and has critical implications for many policy decisions regarding environment, biodiversity, and socio-economy. This area is increasingly being studied by researchers and practitioners from many disciplines. In particular, in the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and remote sensing (RS), data can play a pivotal role.

R and QGIS are two examples of open source software that can be used free of charge for working with spatial data. By using them, we can answer many of our questions regarding location. For the last couple of years, R, a language originally intended for statisticians, has also been used as GIS software. We can readily call any spatial package in R and apply it to our data. QGIS is very powerful GIS software that enables users to perform many complex spatial tasks. QGIS and R both have a very strong user community and, by combining these two according to their relative advantages, you can perform very sophisticated and complex spatial analysis tasks.

This book covers both R and QGIS, unlike the other books on the market. Assuming you have zero, or rudimentary, knowledge of GIS and RS, this book will have transformed you from a beginner to an intermediate user of GIS and RS by the time you finish it. This book guides you from the initial step of setting up the software, to spatial analysis, geostatistics, and applying different models for landslide susceptibility mapping by providing hands-on examples, code, and screenshots. After reading this book, you should be able to generalize the examples to your spatial problems and create susceptibility maps using machine learning algorithms.

작가정보

저자(글) Shammunul Islam

Shammunul Islam is a consulting spatial data scientist at the Institute of Remote Sensing, Jahangirnagar University. His guidance is being applied toward the development of an adaptation tracking mechanism for a UNDP project in Bangladesh. He has provided data science training to the executives of Shwapno, the largest retail brand in Bangladesh. Mr. Islam has developed applications for automating statistical and econometric analysis for a variety of data sources, ranging from weather stations to socio-economic surveys. He has also consulted as a statistician for a number of surveys. He completed his MA in Climate and Society from Columbia University, New York, in 2014 on a full scholarship, before which he completed an honors degree in statistics and a master's degree in development studies.