Theoretical Astrophysics

Matthias Bartelmann 지음

Wiley-VCH 2013년 09월 03일 출간

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책소개

Beginning from first principles and adopting a modular structure, this book develops the fundamental physical methods needed to describe and understand a wide range of seemingly very diverse astrophysical phenomena and processes. For example, the discussion of radiation processes including their spectra is based on Larmor's equation and extended by the photon picture and the internal dynamics of radiating quantum systems, leading to the shapes of spectral lines and the ideas of radiation transport. Hydrodynamics begins with the concept of phase-space distribution functions and Boltzmann's equation and develops ideal, viscous and magneto-hydrodynamics all from the vanishing divergence of an energy-momentum tensor, opening a natural extension towards relativistic hydrodynamics. Linear stability analysis is introduced and used as a common and versatile tool throughout the book. Aimed at students at graduate level, lecturers teaching courses in theoretical astrophysics or advanced topics in modern astronomy, this book with its abundant examples and exercises also serves as a reference and an entry point for more advanced researchers wanting to update their knowledge of the physical processes that govern the behavior and evolution of astronomical objects.

목차

Preface XIAcknowledgements XVColour Plates XVII1 Theoretical Foundations 11.1 Units 11.1.1 Lengths, Masses, Times, and Temperatures 11.1.2 Charges and Electromagnetic Fields 11.1.3 Natural Constants 21.2 Lorentz Invariance 21.2.1 The Special Lorentz Transform 41.2.2 Minkowski Space 61.2.3 Some Properties of the Minkowski World 91.2.4 Relativistic Dynamics 121.3 Electromagnetism 161.3.1 Field Tensor and Sources 161.3.2 Lorentz Transform of the Electromagnetic Field 181.3.3 Maxwell&'s Equations 191.3.4 Energy-Momentum Conservation 211.3.5 Li&e'nard&n-Wiechert Potentials and the Larmor Formula 221.3.6 The Lorentz Force 261.4 Elementary Kinetic Theory 281.4.1 The BBGKY Hierarchy and the Boltzmann Equation 281.4.2 Collision Terms 311.4.3 Diffusion in Phase-Space: The Fokker&n-Planck Approximation 311.4.4 Diffusion in Absolute Momentum 341.4.5 Calculation of the Diffusion Coefficient D2 35Further Reading 372 Radiation Processes 392.1 Thomson Scattering 392.2 Spectra 452.3 Synchrotron Radiation 502.3.1 Larmor Frequency and Relativistic Focussing 512.3.2 Synchrotron Power 532.3.3 Synchrotron Spectrum 532.4 Bremsstrahlung 582.4.1 Orbit of an Electron Scattering off an Ion 582.4.2 Fourier Transform of the Orbit 612.4.3 Integration over Impact Parameters 622.4.4 Average over Electron Velocities, Thermal Bremsstrahlung 632.5 Radiation Damping 652.5.1 Damping Force 652.5.2 Transfer of Energy from a Moving Charge to a Radiation Field 692.6 Compton Scattering 722.6.1 Energy Change in the Scattering Process 722.6.2 Net Energy Transfer 742.6.3 The Kompaneets Equation 772.7 Radiative Quantum Transitions 832.7.1 Transition Prob

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저자(글) Matthias Bartelmann

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Matthias Bartelmann is professor of theoretical astrophysics at the University of Heidelberg, Germany. He studied physics and astronomy at the University of Munich and obtained his Ph.D. in 1992, for which he received the Otto Hahn Medal of the Max Planck Society. He was a post-doc at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching and at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. He received the Ludwig Biermann Prize of the German Astronomical Society in 1996 and became a lecturer in astronomy at the University of Munich in 1998. Between 1998 and 2003, he built up and led the German scientific contribution to the Planck satellite mission. Dr. Bartelmann's research interests are centered on structure formation in the Universe, in particular the study of dark-matter distributions by means of gravitational lensing and probes of non-linear evolution, the problem of dark energy and the physics of the cosmic microwave background.