Geomorphology and Natural Hazards

Timothy R. Davies , Oliver Korup , John J. Clague 지음

Wiley-AGU 2021년 03월 30일 출간

작품소개

책소개

Natural disasters are occasional intense events that disturb Earth's surface, but their impact can be felt long after. Hazard events such as earthquakes, volcanos, drought, and storms can trigger a catastrophic reshaping of the landscape through the erosion, transport, and deposition of different kinds of materials. Geomorphology and Natural Hazards: Understanding Landscape Change for Disaster Mitigation is a graduate level textbook that explores the natural hazards resulting from landscape change and shows how an Earth science perspective can inform hazard mitigation and disaster impact reduction. Volume highlights include: Definitions of hazards, risks, and disasters Impact of different natural hazards on Earth surface processes Geomorphologic insights for hazard assessment and risk mitigation Models for predicting natural hazards How human activities have altered 'natural' hazards Complementarity of geomorphology and engineering to manage threats

목차

Preface ix Acknowledgements xiii 1 Natural Disasters and Sustainable Development in Dynamic Landscapes 1 1.1 Breaking News 1 1.2 Dealing with Future Disasters: Potentials and Problems 4 1.3 The Sustainable Society 5 1.4 Benefits from Natural Disasters 7 1.5 Summary 10 2 Defining Natural Hazards, Risks, and Disasters 13 2.1 Hazard Is Tied To Assets 13 2.1.1 Frequency and magnitude 14 2.1.2 Hazard cascades 16 2.2 Defining and Measuring Disaster 17 2.3 Trends in Natural Disasters 18 2.4 Hazard is Part of Risk 19 2.4.1 Vulnerability 19 2.4.2 Elements at risk 21 2.4.3 Risk aversion 23 2.4.4 Risk is a multidisciplinary expectation of loss 23 2.5 Risk Management and the Risk Cycle 24 2.6 Uncertainties and Reality Check 25 2.7 A Future of More Extreme Events? 26 2.8 Read More About Natural Hazards and Disasters 28 3 Natural Hazards and Disasters through The Geomorphic Lens 33 3.1 Drivers of Earth Surface Processes 34 3.1.1 Gravity, solids, and fluids 34 3.1.2 Motion mainly driven by gravity 36 3.1.3 Motion mainly driven by water 37 3.1.4 Motion mainly driven by ice 39 3.1.5 Motion driven mainly by air 40 3.2 Natural Hazards and Geomorphic Concepts 40 3.2.1 Landscapes are open, nonlinear systems 40 3.2.2 Landscapes adjust to maximise sediment transport 41 3.2.3 Tectonically active landscapes approach a dynamic equilibrium 43 3.2.4 Landforms develop toward asymptotes 44 3.2.5 Landforms record recent most effective events 46 3.2.6 Disturbances travel through landscapes 46 3.2.7 Scaling relationships inform natural hazards 48 4 Geomorphology Informs Natural Hazard Assessment 51 4.1 Geomorphology Can Reduce Impacts from Natural Disasters 51 4.2 Aims of Applied Geomorphology

인물정보

저자(글) Timothy R. Davies

Tim Davies is Professor in the School of Earth and Environment at University of Canterbury, New Zealand. Educated in Civil Engineering in UK in the 1970s, he taught in Agricultural Engineering and subsequently Natural Resources Engineering at Lincoln University, New Zealand before transferring to University of Canterbury in the present millennium to teach into Engineering Geology and Disaster Risk and Resilience. He has published a total of over 140 papers on a range of pure and applied geomorphology topics including river mechanics and management, debris-flow hazards and management, landslides, earthquakes and fault mechanics, rock mechanics and alluvial fans; natural hazard and disaster risk and resilience. Oliver Korup is Professor in the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Geography and the Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Germany. Following an academic training in Germany and New Zealand, his research and teaching is now at the interface between geomorphology, natural hazards, and data science. He has worked on catastrophic erosion and disturbances in mountain belts, particularly on landslides, natural dams, river-channel changes, and glacial lake outburst floods. John J. Clague is Emeritus Professor at Simon Fraser University. He was educated at Occidental College, the University of California Berkeley, and the University of British Columbia. He worked as a Research Scientist with the Geological Survey of Canada from 1975 until 1998, and in Department of Earth Sciences at Simon Fraser University from 1998 until 2016. Clague is a Quaternary geologist with research specializations in glacial geology, geomorphology, natural hazards, and climate change, and has authored over 200 papers on these topics. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and an Officer of the Order of Canada.

저자(글) Oliver Korup

저자(글) John J. Clague