Solar Energy at Urban Scale

Benoit Beckers 지음

Wiley-ISTE 2013년 03월 04일 출간

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책소개

Increasing urbanization throughout the world, the depletion of fossil fuels and concerns about global warming have transformed the city into a physical problem of prime importance. This book proposes a multi-disciplinary and systematic approach concerning specialities as different as meteorology, geography, architecture and urban engineering systems, all surrounding the essential problem of solar radiation.It collects the points of view of 18 specialists from around the world on the interaction between solar energy and constructions, combining territorial, urban and architectural scales to better regulate energetic efficiency and light comfort for the sustainable city.The main subjects covered are: measures and models of solar irradiance (satellite observations, territorial and urban ground measurements, sky models, satellite data and urban mock-up), radiative contribution to the urban climate (local heat balance, radiative-aerodynamics coupling, evapotranspiration, Urban Heat Island), light and heat modeling (climate-based daylight modeling, geometrical models of the city, solar radiation modeling for urban environments, thermal simulation methods and algorithms) and urban planning, with special considerations for solar potential, solar impact and daylight rights in the temperate, northern and tropical climates, and the requirement of urban solar regulation.Contents1. The Odyssey of Remote Sensing from Space: Half a Century of Satellites for Earth Observations, The'o Pirard.2. Territorial and Urban Measurements, Marius Paulescu and Viorel Badescu.3. Sky Luminance Models, Matej Kobav and Grega Bizjak.4. Satellite Images Applied to Surface Solar Radiation Estimation, Bella Espinar and Philippe Blanc.5. Worldwide Aspects of Solar Radiation Impact, Benoit Beckers.6. Local Energy Balance, Pierre Kastendeuch.7. Evapotranspiration, Marjorie Musy.8. Multiscale Daylight Modeling for Urban Environme

목차

Introduction xiiiThe Authors xviChapter 1. The Odyssey of Remote Sensing from Space: Half a Century of Satellites for Earth Observations 1Th&e'o PIRARD1.1. To improve the weather forecasts 21.2. Technological challenges to spy and to map from orbit 31.3. Toward global environmental observers in space 61.4. The digital revolution of the ICTs for GIS applications 91.5. Suggested reading 12Chapter 2. Territorial and Urban Measurements 13Marius PAULESCU and Viorel BADESCU2.1. Solar radiation at the Earth&'s surface 132.2. Instrumentation 172.3. Radiation measurements in urban environment 292.4. Conclusions 332.5. Acknowledgments 332.6. Bibliography 33Chapter 3. Sky Luminance Models 37Matej KOBAV and Grega BIZJAK3.1. CIE standard overcast sky (1955) 393.2. CIE standard clear sky (1996) 393.3. CIE standard general sky 403.4. All-weather model for sky luminance distribution &n- Perez 453.5. ASRC&n-CIE model 483.6. Igawa all-sky model 493.7. Absolute luminance 523.8. Visualization 543.9. Conclusion 543.10. Bibliography 55Chapter 4. Satellite Images Applied to Surface Solar Radiation Estimation 57Bella ESPINAR and Philippe BLANC4.1. The solar resource 574.2. Ground measurements of the solar resource 604.3. Satellite images for SSI estimation 644.4. Two different approaches for satellite-based SSI estimation 684.5. Accuracy of satellite-based SSI estimations 744.6. Use of satellite observations for high-resolution solar radiation estimation784.7. Bibliography 92Chapter 5. Worldwide Aspects of Solar Radiation Impact 99Benoit BECKERS5.1. Global energy budget at the Earth level 995.2. The distribution of solar radiation on the Earth&

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저자(글) Benoit Beckers