Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond the Phase-Locked Loop

Liming Xiu 지음

Wiley-IEEE Press 2012년 06월 22일 출간

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Introducing a new, pioneering approach to integrated circuit designNanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond Phase-Locked Loop introduces an innovative new way of looking at frequency that promises to open new frontiers in modern integrated circuit (IC) design. While most books on frequency synthesis deal with the phase-locked loop (PLL), this book focuses on the clock signal. It revisits the concept of frequency, solves longstanding problems in on-chip clock generation, and presents a new time-based information processing approach for future chip design.Beginning with the basics, the book explains how clock signal is used in electronic applications and outlines the shortcomings of conventional frequency synthesis techniques for dealing with clock generation problems. It introduces the breakthrough concept of Time-Average-Frequency, presents the Flying-Adder circuit architecture for the implementation of this approach, and reveals a new circuit device, the Digital-to-Frequency Converter (DFC). Lastly, it builds upon these three key components to explain the use of time rather than level to represent information in signal processing.Provocative, inspiring, and chock-full of ideas for future innovations, the book features:A new way of thinking about the fundamental concept of clock frequencyA new circuit architecture for frequency synthesis: the Flying-Adder direct period synthesisA new electronic component: the Digital-to-Frequency ConverterA new information processing approach: time-based vs. level-basedExamples demonstrating the power of this technology to build better, cheaper, and faster systemsWritten with the intent of showing readers how to think outside the box, Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond the Phase-Locked Loop is a must-have resource for IC design engineers and researchers as well as anyone who would like to be at the forefront of modern circuit design.

목차

PREFACE xi1 CLOCK SIGNAL IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 11.1 The Significance of Clock Signal 11.2 The Characteristics of Clock Signal 51.3 Clock Signal Driving Digital System 181.4 Clock Signal Driving Sampling System 241.5 Extracting Clock Signal From Data: Clock Data Recovery 301.6 Clock Usage in System-on-Chip 321.7 Two Fields: Clock Generation and Clock Distribution 332 CLOCK GENERATION: EXISTING FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 372.1 Direct Analog Frequency Synthesis 382.2 Direct Digital Frequency Synthesis 392.3 Indirect Method (Phase-Locked Loop Based) 412.4 The Shared Goal: All Cycles Have Same Length-in-Time 513 TIME-AVERAGE-FREQUENCY 533.1 The Scale of Level and the Scale of Time 533.2 What Is Frequency? 543.3 Reinvestigating the Frequency Concept: the Birth of Time-Average-Frequency 563.4 Time-Average-Frequency in Circuit Implementation 593.5 Average Frequency, Time-Average-Frequency, and Fundamental Frequency 613.6 The Need of a Theory 623.7 The Summary: Why Do We Need Time-Average-Frequency? 634 FLYING-ADDER DIRECT PERIOD SYNTHESIS ARCHITECTURE 654.1 The Working Principle 654.2 The Major Challenges in the Flying-Adder Circuit 684.3 The Circuit of Proof of Concept 744.4 The Working Circuitry 774.5 Frequency Transfer Function, Frequency Range, Frequency Resolution, and Frequency Switching Speed 874.6 The Technique of Post Divider Fractional Bits Recovery 884.7 Flying-Adder PLL: FAPLL 904.8 Flying-Adder Fractional Divider 914.9 Integer-Flying-Adder Architecture 924.10 The Algorithm to Search Optimum Parameters 984.11 The Construction of the Accumulator 994.12 The Construction of the High Speed Multiplex 1044.13 Non-2&'s Power Flying-Adder Circuit 1074.14 Expanding VCO Frequency Range in Nanometer CMOS Processes 1094

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저자(글) Liming Xiu

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LIMING XIU is Chief Clock Architect at the Novatek Microelectronics Corporation and formerly a senior member of the technical staff at Texas Instruments Inc. Xiu served as vice president of the IEEE Circuits and System Society during 2009#150;2010. He has written numerous journal and conference papers, holds a number of patents, and is the author of VLSI Circuit Design Methodology Demystified from Wiley#45;IEEE Press.