Applied Tree Biology

Andrew Hirons , Peter A. Thomas 지음

Wiley-Blackwell 2017년 11월 07일 출간

작품소개

책소개

Many arborists learn tree work practices without fully understanding the biological and physiological principles behind them. However, outcomes for the health and longevity of trees are greatly improved when an arborist understands the science behind the care of tree root systems and crowns. In Applied Tree Biology, Drs. Hirons and Thomas draw upon their decades of experience in the laboratory, classroom, and the field as well as the expertise of distinguished contributors to this volume to provide those responsible for tree care with the scientific information that informs best practices for planting, pruning, soil decompaction, irrigation, and much more. Takes a multidisciplinary approach, integrating knowledge from plant biology, physiology, arboriculture, ecology, and more Provides a systematic presentation of fundamental tree biology and the scientific principles informing high quality tree care Presents accessible scientific information and best practices that help promote the health and longevity of trees Reflects the authors’ decades of experience as tree biology researchers and educators, as well as their years of professional experience across the globe Applied Tree Biology is an indispensable source of practical, succinct information on tree biology, physiology, and ecology for professionals and interested amateurs involved with the care of trees. Arborists, foresters, and horticulturists at all stages of their careers will find this text particularly useful.

목차

List of contributors xv Foreword xvii Preface xix A Note on the Text xx 1 Introduction 1 Value of Trees Globally 1 Value of Urban Trees 2 Managing Trees 5 References 11 2 The Woody Skeleton: Trunk and Branches 15 What is a Tree? 15 How Does a Tree Grow? 15 Tree Design 18 How Shoots Grow 19 Building Blocks: Meristems and Buds 19 New Shoots From Buds 22 Apical Dominance and Apical Control 25 Epicormic Shoots and Sprouting 26 Epicormic Shoots (Sprouts) 27 Basal Sprouts 29 Branch and Trunk Sprouts 30 Opportunistic Sprouts 31 Sprouts Originating Underground 32 Practical Considerations of Sprouting 33 Sprouting in Response to Mechanical Injury 34 Sprouting in Response to Disturbance 34 Secondary Growth 34 The Vascular Cambium 35 Thickening of Woody Cell Walls 38 Programmed Cell Death 40 Bark and Secondary Phloem 40 How Bark Grows 41 Variation in Bark 43 Secondary Xylem Wood 44 Different Cell Types Found in Wood 46 Living Cells in the Wood Parenchyma 47 Non?]Living Cells in the Wood Vessels, Tracheids and Fibres 49 Variation in Wood Structure 52 Gymnosperm Wood 52 Dicotyledonous Wood 53 Sapwood and Heartwood 56 Sapwood and Water Movement 57 Heartwood 59 Sapwood and Heartwood Considerations for Pruning Operations 62 Trade?]offs in Wood Design 62 Trade?]offs and the Movement of Water 63 Freezing?]Induced Cavitation 66 Drought?]Induced Cavitation 67 Moving Water Around a Tree Vascular Sectorality 71 References 72 3 Leaves and Crowns 77 Angiosperm Leaves 78 Angiosperm Leaf Anatomy 82 Gymnosperm Leaves 83 Gymnosperm Leaf Anatomy 85 Juvenile Leaves 86

작가정보

저자(글) Andrew Hirons

ANDREW D. HIRONS is a Senior Lecturer in Arboriculture at University Centre Myerscough, UK. He has international experience as a climbing arborist and a plant health care practitioner. As well as lecturing on a range of arboricultural courses he is also actively involved in research. His current research activity is motivated by the need to create resilience in our urban forests, and is focused on using plant traits to inform species selection for urban environments. PETER A. THOMAS is a Reader in Plant Ecology at Keele University, UK. He has more than 30 years of experience in ecological aspects of trees and forests in the UK, Europe, North & Central America, Africa, Russia, Asia and Australasia.

저자(글) Peter A. Thomas

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